# residuals.ppm

0th

Percentile

##### Residuals for Fitted Point Process Model

Given a point process model fitted to a point pattern, compute residuals.

Keywords
models, methods, spatial
##### Usage
## S3 method for class 'ppm':
residuals(object, type="raw", \dots, check=TRUE, drop=FALSE,
fittedvalues=fitted.ppm(object, check=check, drop=drop),
coefs=NULL, quad=NULL)
##### Arguments
object
The fitted point process model (an object of class "ppm") for which residuals should be calculated.
type
String indicating the type of residuals to be calculated. Current options are "raw", "inverse", "pearson" and "score". A partial match is adequate.
...
Ignored.
check
Logical value indicating whether to check the internal format of object. If there is any possibility that this object has been restored from a dump file, or has otherwise lost track of the environment where it was originally compu
drop
Logical value determining whether to delete quadrature points that were not used to fit the model. See quad.ppm for explanation.
fittedvalues
Vector of fitted values for the conditional intensity at the quadrature points, from which the residuals will be computed. For expert use only.
coefs
Optional. Numeric vector of coefficients for the model, replacing coef(object). See the section on Modified Residuals below.
Optional. Data specifying how to re-fit the model. A list of arguments passed to quadscheme. See the section on Modified Residuals below.
##### Details

This function computes several kinds of residuals for the fit of a point process model to a spatial point pattern dataset (Baddeley et al, 2005). Use plot.msr to plot the residuals directly, or diagnose.ppm to produce diagnostic plots based on these residuals.

The argument object must be a fitted point process model (object of class "ppm"). Such objects are produced by the maximum pseudolikelihood fitting algorithm ppm). This fitted model object contains complete information about the original data pattern.

Residuals are attached both to the data points and to some other points in the window of observation (namely, to the dummy points of the quadrature scheme used to fit the model). If the fitted model is correct, then the sum of the residuals over all (data and dummy) points in a spatial region $B$ has mean zero. For further explanation, see Baddeley et al (2005). The type of residual is chosen by the argument type. Current options are

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object] Use plot.msr to plot the residuals directly, or diagnose.ppm to produce diagnostic plots based on these residuals.

##### Value

• An object of class "msr" representing a signed measure or vector-valued measure (see msr). This object can be plotted.

##### Modified Residuals

Sometimes we want to modify the calculation of residuals by using different values for the model parameters. This capability is provided by the arguments coefs and quad.

If coefs is given, then the residuals will be computed by taking the model parameters to be coefs. This should be a numeric vector of the same length as the vector of fitted model parameters coef(object).

If coefs is missing and quad is given, then the model parameters will be determined by re-fitting the model using a new quadrature scheme specified by quad. Residuals will be computed for the original model object using these new parameter values.

The argument quad should normally be a list of arguments in name=value format that will be passed to quadscheme (together with the original data points) to determine the new quadrature scheme. It may also be a quadrature scheme (object of class "quad" to which the model should be fitted, or a point pattern (object of class "ppp" specifying the dummy points in a new quadrature scheme.

##### References

Baddeley, A., Turner, R., Moller, J. and Hazelton, M. (2005) Residual analysis for spatial point processes. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B 67, 617--666.

Baddeley, A., Moller, J. and Pakes, A.G. (2008) Properties of residuals for spatial point processes. Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics 60, 627--649.

msr, diagnose.ppm, ppm.object, ppm

##### Aliases
• residuals.ppm
##### Examples
data(cells)
fit <- ppm(cells, ~x, Strauss(r=0.15))

# Pearson residuals
rp <- residuals(fit, type="pe")
rp

# simulated data
X <- rStrauss(100,0.7,0.05)
# fit Strauss model
fit <- ppm(X, ~1, Strauss(0.05))
res.fit <- residuals(fit)
# true model parameters
truecoef <- c(log(100), log(0.7))
res.true <- residuals(fit, coefs=truecoef)
Documentation reproduced from package spatstat, version 1.31-3, License: GPL (>= 2)

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