# scanLRTS

0th

Percentile

##### Likelihood Ratio Test Statistic for Scan Test

Calculate the Likelihood Ratio Test Statistic for the Scan Test, at each spatial location.

Keywords
htest, spatial
##### Usage
scanLRTS(X, r, ...,
method = c("poisson", "binomial"),
baseline = NULL, case = 2,
alternative = c("greater", "less", "two.sided"),
saveopt = FALSE,
Xmask = NULL)
##### Arguments
X
A point pattern (object of class "ppp").
r
Radius of circle to use. A single number or a numeric vector.
...
Optional. Arguments passed to as.mask to determine the spatial resolution of the computations.
method
Either "poisson" or "binomial" specifying the type of likelihood.
baseline
Baseline for the Poisson intensity, if method="poisson". A pixel image or a function.
case
Which type of point should be interpreted as a case, if method="binomial". Integer or character string.
alternative
Alternative hypothesis: "greater" if the alternative postulates that the mean number of points inside the circle will be greater than expected under the null.
saveopt
Logical value indicating to save the optimal value of r at each location.
Internal use only.
##### Details

This command computes, for all spatial locations u, the Likelihood Ratio Test Statistic $\Lambda(u)$ for a test of homogeneity at the location $u$, as described below. The result is a pixel image giving the values of $\Lambda(u)$ at each pixel.

The maximum value of $\Lambda(u)$ over all locations $u$ is the scan statistic, which is the basis of the scan test performed by scan.test.

• Ifmethod="poisson"then the test statistic is based on Poisson likelihood. The datasetXis treated as an unmarked point pattern. By default (ifbaselineis not specified) the null hypothesis is complete spatial randomness CSR (i.e. a uniform Poisson process). At the spatial location$u$, the alternative hypothesis is a Poisson process with one intensity$\beta_1$inside the circle of radiusrcentred at$u$, and another intensity$\beta_0$outside the circle. Ifbaselineis given, then it should be a pixel image or afunction(x,y). The null hypothesis is an inhomogeneous Poisson process with intensity proportional tobaseline. The alternative hypothesis is an inhomogeneous Poisson process with intensitybeta1 * baselineinside the circle, andbeta0 * baselineoutside the circle.
• Ifmethod="binomial"then the test statistic is based on binomial likelihood. The datasetXmust be a bivariate point pattern, i.e. a multitype point pattern with two types. The null hypothesis is that all permutations of the type labels are equally likely. The alternative hypothesis is that the circle of radiusrcentred at$u$has a higher proportion of points of the second type, than expected under the null hypothesis.

If r is a vector of more than one value for the radius, then the calculations described above are performed for every value of r. Then the maximum over r is taken for each spatial location $u$. The resulting pixel value of scanLRTS at a location $u$ is the profile maximum of the Likelihood Ratio Test Statistic, that is, the maximum of the Likelihood Ratio Test Statistic for circles of all radii, centred at the same location $u$.

If you have already performed a scan test using scan.test, the Likelihood Ratio Test Statistic can be extracted from the test result using the function as.im.scan.test.

##### Value

• A pixel image (object of class "im") whose pixel values are the values of the (profile) Likelihood Ratio Test Statistic at each spatial location.

##### Warning: window size

Note that the result of scanLRTS is a pixel image on a larger window than the original window of X. The expanded window contains the centre of any circle of radius r that has nonempty intersection with the original window.

##### References

Kulldorff, M. (1997) A spatial scan statistic. Communications in Statistics --- Theory and Methods 26, 1481--1496.

scan.test, as.im.scan.test

• scanLRTS
##### Examples
plot(scanLRTS(redwood, 0.1, method="poisson"))
sc <- scanLRTS(chorley, 1, method="binomial", case="larynx")
plot(sc)
scanstatchorley <- max(sc)
Documentation reproduced from package spatstat, version 1.41-1, License: GPL (>= 2)

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