# lee.test

0th

Percentile

##### Lee's L test for spatial autocorrelation

Lee's L test for spatial autocorrelation using a spatial weights matrix in weights list form. The assumptions underlying the test are sensitive to the form of the graph of neighbour relationships and other factors, and results may be checked against those of lee.mc permutations.

Keywords
spatial
##### Usage
lee.test(x, y, listw, zero.policy=NULL, alternative="greater", na.action=na.fail, spChk=NULL)
##### Arguments
x
a numeric vector the same length as the neighbours list in listw
y
a numeric vector the same length as the neighbours list in listw
listw
a listw object created for example by nb2listw
zero.policy
default NULL, use global option value; if TRUE assign zero to the lagged value of zones without neighbours, if FALSE assign NA
alternative
a character string specifying the alternative hypothesis, must be one of greater (default), less or two.sided.
na.action
a function (default na.fail), can also be na.omit or na.exclude - in these cases the weights list will be subsetted to remove NAs in the data. It may be necessary to set zero.policy to TRUE because this subsetting may create no-neighbour observations. Note that only weights lists created without using the glist argument to nb2listw may be subsetted. If na.pass is used, zero is substituted for NA values in calculating the spatial lag
spChk
should the data vector names be checked against the spatial objects for identity integrity, TRUE, or FALSE, default NULL to use get.spChkOption()
##### Value

A list with class htest containing the following components:

##### Note

See Lee (2004) for details on how the asymptotic expectation and variance of Lee's L is computed. In particular, check Lee (2004), table 1, page 1690.

This test may fail for large datasets as the computation of the asymptotic expectation and variance requires the use of dense matrices.

##### References

Lee (2004). A generalized significance testing method for global measures of spatial association: an extension of the Mantel test. Environment and Planning A 2004, volume 36, pages 1687 - 1703

lee, lee.mc, listw2U

• lee.test
##### Examples
data(oldcol)
col.W <- nb2listw(COL.nb, style="W")
crime <- COL.OLD$CRIME lee.test(crime, crime, col.W, zero.policy=TRUE) #Test with missing values x<-crime y<-crime x[1:5]<-NA y[3:7]<-NA lee.test(x, y, col.W, zero.policy=TRUE, na.action=na.omit) # lee.test(x, y, col.W, zero.policy=TRUE)#Stops with an error data(boston) lw<-nb2listw(boston.soi) x<-boston.c$CMEDV
y<-boston.c\$CRIM

lee.test(x, y, lw, zero.policy=TRUE, alternative="less")

#Test with missing values
x[1:5]<-NA
y[3:7]<-NA

lee.test(x, y, lw, zero.policy=TRUE, alternative="less", na.action=na.omit)


Documentation reproduced from package spdep, version 0.6-9, License: GPL (>= 2)

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