geary.mc

A permutation test for Geary's C statistic calculated by using nsim random permutations of x for the given spatial weighting scheme, to establish the rank of the observed statistic in relation to the nsim simulated values.

spatial

A collection of functions to create spatial weights matrix
objects from polygon 'contiguities', from point patterns by distance and
tessellations, for summarizing these objects, and for permitting their
use in spatial data analysis, including regional aggregation by minimum
spanning tree; a collection of tests for spatial 'autocorrelation',
including global 'Morans I' and 'Gearys C' proposed by 'Cliff' and 'Ord'
(1973, ISBN: 0850860369) and (1981, ISBN: 0850860814), 'Hubert/Mantel'
general cross product statistic, Empirical Bayes estimates and
'Assunção/Reis' (1999) <doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19990830)18:16%3C2147::AID-SIM179%3E3.0.CO;2-I> Index, 'Getis/Ord' G ('Getis' and 'Ord' 1992)
<doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1992.tb00261.x> and multicoloured
join count statistics, 'APLE' ('Li 'et al.' )
<doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.2007.00708.x>, local 'Moran's I', 'Gearys C'
('Anselin' 1995) <doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x> and
'Getis/Ord' G ('Ord' and 'Getis' 1995)
<doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00912.x>,
'saddlepoint' approximations ('Tiefelsdorf' 2002)
<doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.2002.tb01084.x> and exact tests
for global and local 'Moran's I' ('Bivand et al.' 2009)
<doi:10.1016/j.csda.2008.07.021> and 'LOSH' local indicators
of spatial heteroscedasticity ('Ord' and 'Getis')
<doi:10.1007/s00168-011-0492-y>. The implementation of most of
the measures is described in 'Bivand' and 'Wong' (2018)
<doi:10.1007/s11749-018-0599-x>, with further extensions in 'Bivand' (2022)
<doi:10.1111/gean.12319>.
From 'spdep' and 'spatialreg' versions >= 1.2-1, the model fitting functions
previously present in this package are defunct in 'spdep' and may be found
in 'spatialreg'.

Roger Bivand

spdep

Spatial Dependence: Weighting Schemes, Statistics

Micah Altman

Luc Anselin

Renato Assunção

Olaf Berke

F. Guillaume Blanchet

Marilia Carvalho

Bjarke Christensen

Yongwan Chun

Carsten Dormann

Stéphane Dray

Dewey Dunnington

Virgilio Gómez-Rubio

Elias Krainski

Pierre Legendre

Nicholas Lewin-Koh

Angela Li

Giovanni Millo

Werner Mueller

Hisaji Ono

Josiah Parry

Pedro Peres-Neto

Gianfranco Piras

Markus Reder

Jeff Sauer

Michael Tiefelsdorf

René Westerholt

Levi Wolf

Danlin Yu

geary.mc function

<dl> <dt>x</dt>
<dd>a numeric vector the same length as the neighbours list in listw</dd> <dt>listw</dt>
<dd>a <code>listw</code> object created for example by <code>nb2listw</code></dd> <dt>nsim</dt>
<dd>number of permutations</dd> <dt>zero.policy</dt>
<dd>default <code>attr(listw, "zero.policy")</code> as set when <code>listw</code> was created, if attribute not set, use global option value; if TRUE assign zero to the lagged value of zones without neighbours, if FALSE assign NA</dd> <dt>alternative</dt>
<dd>a character string specifying the alternative hypothesis, must be one of "greater" (default), or "less"; this reversal corresponds to that on <code>geary.test</code> described in the section on the output statistic value, based on Cliff and Ord 1973, p. 21 (changed 2011-04-11, thanks to Daniel Garavito).</dd> <dt>spChk</dt>
<dd>should the data vector names be checked against the spatial objects for identity integrity, TRUE, or FALSE, default NULL to use <code>get.spChkOption()</code></dd> <dt>adjust.n</dt>
<dd>default TRUE, if FALSE the number of observations is not adjusted for no-neighbour observations, if TRUE, the number of observations is adjusted</dd> <dt>return_boot</dt>
<dd>return an object of class <code>boot</code> from the equivalent permutation bootstrap rather than an object of class <code>htest</code></dd></dl>

Arguments

Roger Bivand <a href="/link/Roger.Bivand%40nhh.no?package=spdep&version=1.3-1" data-mini-rdoc="spdep::Roger.Bivand@nhh.no">Roger.Bivand@nhh.no</a>

Author

Permutation test for Geary's C statistic — geary.mc

<dl>

 <dt>x</dt>
<dd>a numeric vector the same length as the neighbours list in listw</dd>

 <dt>listw</dt>
<dd>a <code>listw</code> object created for example by <code>nb2listw</code></dd>

 <dt>nsim</dt>
<dd>number of permutations</dd>

 <dt>zero.policy</dt>
<dd>default <code>attr(listw, "zero.policy")</code> as set when <code>listw</code> was created, if attribute not set, use global option value; if TRUE assign zero to the lagged value of zones without neighbours, if FALSE assign NA</dd>

 <dt>alternative</dt>
<dd>a character string specifying the alternative hypothesis, must be one of "greater" (default), or "less"; this reversal corresponds to that on <code>geary.test</code> described in the section on the output statistic value, based on Cliff and Ord 1973, p. 21 (changed 2011-04-11, thanks to Daniel Garavito).</dd>

 <dt>spChk</dt>
<dd>should the data vector names be checked against the spatial objects for identity integrity, TRUE, or FALSE, default NULL to use <code>get.spChkOption()</code></dd>

 <dt>adjust.n</dt>
<dd>default TRUE, if FALSE the number of observations is not adjusted for no-neighbour observations, if TRUE, the number of observations is adjusted</dd>

 <dt>return_boot</dt>
<dd>return an object of class <code>boot</code> from the equivalent permutation bootstrap rather than an object of class <code>htest</code></dd>

</dl>

Roger Bivand <a href='mailto:Roger.Bivand@nhh.no'>Roger.Bivand@nhh.no</a>

Permutation test for Geary's C statistic

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geary.mc: Permutation test for Geary's C statistic

Description

Usage

Value

Arguments

Author

References

See Also

Examples