Eqn 12 in Chao, A., R.K. Colwell, C.-W. Lin, and N.J. Gotelli. 2009.
Sufficient sampling for asymptotic minimum species richness estimators.
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Eqn 11 in Colwell, R.K., A. Chao, N.J. Gotelli, S.-Y. Lin,
C.X. Mao, R.L. Chazdon, and J.T. Longino. 2012. Models and estimators
linking individual-based and sample-based rarefaction, extrapolation and
comparison of assemblages. Journal of Plant Ecology 5(1):3-21.