Used by the DP recurrences to evaluate the stratification objective at a specific remaining distance 'd' and first-stratum width 'y', given stratum cost 'c' and constants tucked in 'my_env.'
data.root(d, y, c, my_env)numeric: sqrt(objective) or -1 if branch is infeasible/invalid
numeric: remaining distance/range on the (scaled) axis
numeric: first stratum width on the (scaled) axis
numeric: per stratum cost multiplier (Ch[k])
environment: holds distribution name, parameters and scaling