# treemap

0th

Percentile

##### Create a treemap

A treemap is a space-filling visualization of hierarchical structures. This function offers great flexibility to draw treemaps. Required is a data.frame (dtf) that contains one or more hierarchical index columns given by index, a column that determines the rectangle area sizes (vSize), and optionally a column that determines the rectangle colors (vColor). The way how rectangles are colored is determined by the argument type.

##### Usage
treemap(dtf, index, vSize, vColor = NULL, stdErr = NULL, type = "index", fun.aggregate = "sum", title = NA, title.legend = NA, algorithm = "pivotSize", sortID = "-size", mirror.x = FALSE, mirror.y = FALSE, palette = NA, palette.HCL.options = NULL, range = NA, mapping = NA, n = 7, fontsize.title = 14, fontsize.labels = 11, fontsize.legend = 12, fontcolor.labels = NULL, fontface.labels = c("bold", rep("plain", length(index) - 1)), fontfamily.title = "sans", fontfamily.labels = "sans", fontfamily.legend = "sans", border.col = "black", border.lwds = c(length(index) + 1, (length(index) - 1):1), lowerbound.cex.labels = 0.4, inflate.labels = FALSE, bg.labels = NULL, force.print.labels = FALSE, overlap.labels = 0.5, align.labels = c("center", "center"), xmod.labels = 0, ymod.labels = 0, eval.labels = FALSE, position.legend = NULL, format.legend = NULL, drop.unused.levels = TRUE, aspRatio = NA, vp = NULL, draw = TRUE, ...)
##### Arguments
dtf
a data.frame. Required.
index
vector of column names in dtf that specify the aggregation indices. It could contain only one column name, which results in a treemap without hierarchy. If multiple column names are provided, the first name is the highest aggregation level, the second name the second-highest aggregation level, and so on. Required.
vSize
name of the column in dtf that specifies the sizes of the rectangles. Required.
vColor
name of the column that, in combination with type, determines the colors of the rectangles. The variable can be scaled by the addition of "*" or "/". Note: when omitted for "value" treemaps, a contant value of 1 is taken.
stdErr
name of the column that contains standard errors. These are not used for the treemaps, but only aggregated accordingly and returned as item of the output list.
type
type of the treemap, which determines how the rectangles are colored:
fun.aggregate
aggregation function, only used in "value" treemaps. This function determines how values of the lowest aggregation level are aggregated. By default, it takes the sum. Other sensible functions are mean and weighted.mean. In the latter case, the weights are determined by the vSize variable. Other arguments can be passed on. For weighted.mean, it is possible to assign a variable name for its w argument.
title
title of the treemap.
title.legend
title of the legend.
algorithm
name of the used algorithm: "squarified" or "pivotSize". The squarified treemap algorithm (Bruls et al., 2000) produces good aspect ratios, but ignores the sorting order of the rectangles (sortID). The ordered treemap, pivot-by-size, algorithm (Bederson et al., 2002) takes the sorting order (sortID) into account while aspect ratios are still acceptable.
sortID
name of the variable that determines the order in which the rectangles are placed from top left to bottom right. Only applicable when algorithm=="pivotSize". Also the values "size" and "color" can be used, which refer to vSize and vColor respectively. To inverse the sorting order, use "-" in the prefix. By default, large rectangles are placed top left.
mirror.x
logical that determines whether the rectangles are mirrored horizontally
mirror.y
logical that determines whether the rectangles are mirrored vertically
palette
one of the following:
palette.HCL.options
list of advanced options to obtain Tree Colors from the HCL space (when palette="HCL"). This list contains:
For "depth" and "categorical" types, only the first two items are used. Use treecolors to experiment with these parameters.
range
range of values (so vector of two) that correspond to the color legend. By default, the range of actual values, determined by vColor, is used. Only applicable for numeric types, i.e. "value", "comp", "dens", and "manual". Note that the range doesn't affect the colors in the treemap itself for "value" and "manual" types; this is controlled by mapping.
mapping
vector of three values that specifies the mapping of the actual values, determined by vColor, to palette. The three values are respectively the minimum value, the mid value, and the maximum value. The mid value is particularly useful for diverging color palettes, where it defined the middle, neutral, color which is typically white or yellow. The mapping should cover the range. By default, for "value" treemaps, it is c(-max(abs(values)), 0, max(abs(values))), where values are the actual values defined by vColor. For "manual" treemaps, the default setting is c(min(values), mean(range(values)), max(values)). A vector of two can also be specified. In that case, the mid value will be the average of those. Only applicable for "value" and "manual" type treemaps.
n
preferred number of categories by which numeric variables are discretized.
fontsize.title
font size of the title
fontsize.labels
font size(s) of the data labels, which is either a single number that specifies the font size for all aggregation levels, or a vector that specifies the font size for each aggregation level. Use value 0 to omit the labels for the corresponding aggregation level.
fontsize.legend
font size for the legend
fontcolor.labels
Specifies the label colors. Either a single color value, or a vector of color values one for each aggregation level. By default, white and black colors are used, depending on the background (bg.labels).
fontface.labels
either a single value, or a vector of values one for each aggregation level. Values can be integers If an integer, following the R base graphics standard: 1 = plain, 2 = bold, 3 = italic, 4 = bold italic, or characters: "plain", "bold", "italic", "oblique", and "bold.italic".
fontfamily.title
font family of the title. Standard values are "serif", "sans", "mono", "symbol". Mapping is device dependent.
fontfamily.labels
font family of the labels in each rectangle. Standard values are "serif", "sans", "mono", "symbol". Mapping is device dependent.
fontfamily.legend
font family of the legend. Standard values are "serif", "sans", "mono", "symbol". Mapping is device dependent.
border.col
color of borders drawn around each rectangle. Either one color for all rectangles or a vector of colors, or one for each aggregation level
border.lwds
thicknesses of border lines. Either one number specifies the line thicknesses (widths) for all rectangles or a vector of line thicknesses for each aggregation level.
lowerbound.cex.labels
multiplier between 0 and 1 that sets the lowerbound for the data label font sizes: 0 means draw all data labels, and 1 means only draw data labels if they fit (given fontsize.labels).
inflate.labels
logical that determines whether data labels are inflated inside the rectangles. If TRUE, fontsize.labels does not determine the fontsize anymore, but it still determines the minimum fontsize in combination with lowerbound.cex.labels.
bg.labels
background color of high aggregation labels. Either a color, or a number between 0 and 255 that determines the transparency of the labels. In the latter case, the color itself is determined by the color of the underlying rectangle. For "value" and "categorical" treemaps, the default is (slightly) transparent grey ("#CCCCCCDC"), and for the other types slightly transparent: 220.
force.print.labels
logical that determines whether data labels are being forced to be printed if they don't fit.
overlap.labels
number between 0 and 1 that determines the tolerance of the overlap between labels. 0 means that labels of lower levels are not printed if higher level labels overlap, 1 means that labels are always printed. In-between values, for instance the default value .5, means that lower level labels are printed if other labels do not overlap with more than .5 times their area size.
align.labels
object that specifies the alignment of the labels. Either a character vector of two values specifying the horizontal alignment ("left", "center", or "right") and the vertical alignment ("top", "center", or "bottom"), or a list of sush character vectors, one for each aggregation level.
xmod.labels
the horizontal position modification of the labels in inches. Either a single value, or a vector that specifies the modification for each aggregation level.
ymod.labels
the vertical position modification of the labels in inches. Either a single value, or a vector that specifies the modification for each aggregation level.
eval.labels
should the text labels, i.e. the factor labels of the index variables, be evaluated as expressions? Useful for printing mathematical symbols or equations.
position.legend
position of the legend: "bottom", "right", or "none". For "categorical" and "index" treemaps, "right" is the default value, for "index" treemap, "none", and for the other types, "bottom".
format.legend
a list of additional arguments for the formatting of numbers in the legend to pass to format(); only applies if type is "value", "dens" or "manual".
drop.unused.levels
logical that determines whether unused levels (if any) are shown in the legend. Applicable for "categorical" treemap type.
aspRatio
preferred aspect ratio of the main rectangle, defined by width/height. When set to NA, the available window size is used.
vp
viewport to draw in. By default it is not specified, which means that a new plot is created. Useful when drawing small multiples, or when placing a treemap in a custom grid based plot.
draw
logical that determines whether to draw the treemap.
...
arguments to be passed to other functions. Currently, only fun.aggregate takes optional arguments.
##### Value

A list is silently returned: A list is silently returned:

##### References

Bederson, B., Shneiderman, B., Wattenberg, M. (2002) Ordered and Quantum Treemaps: Making Effective Use of 2D Space to Display Hierarchies. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 21(4): 833-854.

Bruls, D.M., C. Huizing, J.J. van Wijk. Squarified Treemaps. In: W. de Leeuw, R. van Liere (eds.), Data Visualization 2000, Proceedings of the joint Eurographics and IEEE TCVG Symposium on Visualization, 2000, Springer, Vienna, p. 33-42.

• treemap
##### Examples
#########################################
### quick example with Gross National Income data
#########################################
data(GNI2014)
treemap(GNI2014,
index=c("continent", "iso3"),
vSize="population",
vColor="GNI",
type="value",
format.legend = list(scientific = FALSE, big.mark = " "))

#########################################
### extended examples with fictive business statistics data
#########################################

#########################################
### treemap types
#########################################

# index treemap: colors are determined by the index argument
## Not run:
# # large example which takes some time...
#         index=c("NACE1", "NACE2", "NACE3"),
#         vSize="turnover",
#         type="index")
# ## End(Not run)
treemap(business[business$NACE1=="C - Manufacturing",], index=c("NACE2", "NACE3"), vSize=c("employees"), type="index") # value treemap: colors are derived from a numeric variable given by vColor # (when omited, all values are set to 1 as in the following example) treemap(business, index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"), vSize="employees", title.legend="number of NACE4 categories", type="value") # comparisson treemaps: colors indicate change of vSize with respect to vColor treemap(business, index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"), vSize="employees", vColor="employees.prev", type="comp") # density treemaps: colors indicate density (like a population density map) treemap(business, index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"), vSize="turnover", vColor="employees/1000", type="dens") ## Not run: # # depth treemap: show depth # treemap(business, # index=c("NACE1", "NACE2", "NACE3"), # vSize="turnover", # type="depth") # ## End(Not run) # categorical treemap: colors are determined by a categorical variable business <- transform(business, data.available = factor(!is.na(turnover)), x = 1) treemap(business, index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"), vSize="x", vColor="data.available", type="categorical") ## Not run: # # color treemap # business$color <- rainbow(nlevels(business$NACE2))[business$NACE2]
#         index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"),
#         vSize="x",
#         vColor="color",
#         type="color")
#
# # manual
# business$color <- rainbow(nlevels(business$NACE2))[businessNACE2] # treemap(business, # index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"), # vSize="turnover", # vColor="employees", # type="manual", # palette=terrain.colors(10)) # ## End(Not run) ######################################### ### graphical options: control fontsizes ######################################### ## Not run: # # draw labels of first index at fontsize 12 at the center, # # and labels of second index at fontsize 8 top left # treemap(business, # index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"), # vSize="employees", # fontsize.labels=c(12, 8), # align.labels=list(c("center", "center"), c("left", "top")), # lowerbound.cex.labels=1) # # # # draw all labels at fontsize 12 (only if they fit) # treemap(business, # index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"), # vSize="employees", # fontsize.labels=12, # lowerbound.cex.labels=1) # # # draw all labels at fontsize 12, and if they don't fit, reduce to a minimum of .6*12 # treemap(business, # index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"), # vSize="employees", # fontsize.labels=12, # lowerbound.cex.labels=.6) # # # draw all labels at maximal fontsize # treemap(business, # index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"), # vSize="employees", # lowerbound.cex.labels=0, # inflate.labels = TRUE) # # # draw all labels at fixed fontsize, even if they don't fit # treemap(business, # index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"), # vSize="employees", # fontsize.labels=10, # lowerbound.cex.labels=1, # force.print.labels=TRUE) # # ######################################### # ### graphical options: color palettes # ######################################### # # ## for comp and value typed treemaps all diverging brewer palettes can be chosen # treemap(business, # index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"), # vSize="employees", # vColor="employees.prev", # type="comp", # palette="RdBu") # # ## draw warm-colored index treemap # palette.HCL.options <- list(hue_start=270, hue_end=360+150) # treemap(business, # index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"), # vSize="employees", # type="index", # palette.HCL.options=palette.HCL.options) # # # terrain colors # businessemployees.growth <- business$employees - business$employees.prev
#         index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"),
#         vSize="employees",
#         vColor="employees.growth",
#         type="value",
#         palette=terrain.colors(10))
#
# # Brewer's Red-White-Grey palette reversed with predefined legend range
#         index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"),
#         vSize="employees",
#         vColor="employees.growth",
#         type="value",
#         palette="-RdGy",
#         range=c(-20000,30000))
#
# # More control over the color palette can be achieved with mapping
#         index=c("NACE1", "NACE2"),
#         vSize="employees",
#         vColor="employees.growth",
#         type="value",
#         palette="RdYlGn",
#         range=c(-20000,30000),           # this is shown in the legend
#         mapping=c(-30000, 10000, 40000)) # Rd is mapped to -30k, Yl to 10k, and Gn to 40k
# ## End(Not run)

Documentation reproduced from package treemap, version 2.4-2, License: GPL-3

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