By default, Vega-Lite automatically creates axes for x, y, row, and column channels when they are encoded. Axis can be customized via the axis property of a channel definition.
axis_facet_row(vl, axisWidth = 0, layer = NULL, offset = NULL, grid = FALSE, labels = TRUE, labelAngle = NULL, labelAlign = NULL, labelBaseline = NULL, labelMaxLength = 25, shortTimeLabels = NULL, subdivide = NULL, ticks = NULL, tickPadding = NULL, tickSize = 0, tickSizeMajor = NULL, tickSizeMinor = NULL, tickSizeEnd = NULL, title = "", titleOffset = NULL, titleMaxLength = NULL, characterWidth = 6, orient = NULL, format = NULL, remove = FALSE)