vegan (version 1.4-0)

vegetab: Prints a Compact, Ordered Vegetation Table.

Description

The function prints a compact vegetation table, where species are lines, and each site takes only one row, without spaces. The vegetation table can be ordered by explicit indexing, by environmental variables or results from an ordination or cluster analysis.

Usage

vegetab(x, use, scale, sp.ind, site.ind, zero=".")
coverscale(x, scale=c("Braun.Blanquet", "Domin", "Hult", "Hill", "fix", "log"))

Arguments

x

Vegetation data.

use

Either a vector or an object from cca, decorana or hclust for ordering sites and species.

sp.ind

Species indices.

site.ind

Site indices.

zero

Character used for zeros.

scale

Cover scale used (can be abbreviated).

Value

• The function is used mainly to print a table, but it returns a list with items:
• spec
  Ordered species indices.
• sites
  Ordered site indices.

Details

The function prints a traditional vegetation table. Unlike in ordinary data matrices, species are used as rows and sites as columns. The table is printed in compact form: only one character can be used for abundance, and there are no spaces between columns. The function does not check the length of abundance codes, but violation is obvious in ugly printout.

The parameter use can be a vector or an object from hclust or any ordination result recognized by scores. If use is a vector, it is used for ordering sites. If use is an object from ordination, both sites and species are arranged by the first axis. When use is an object from hclust, the sites are ordered similarly as in the cluster dendrogam. There is no natural, unique ordering in hierarchic clustering, but in some cases species are still nicely ordered. If ordination methods provide species scores, these are used for ordering species. In all cases where species scores are missing, species are ordered by their weighted averages (wascores on site scores. Alternatively, species and sites can be ordered explicitly giving their indices or names in parameters sp.ind and site.ind. If these are given, they take precedence over use.

If scale is given, vegetab calls coverscale to transform percent cover scale or some other scales into traditional class scales used in vegetation science (coverscale can be called directly, too). Braun-Blanquet and Domin scales are actually not strict cover scales, and the limits used for codes r and + are arbitrary. Alternative Hill may be inappropriately named, since Mark O. Hill probably never intended this as a cover scale. However, it is used as default `cut levels' in his TWINSPAN, and surprisingly many users stick to this default, and so this is a de facto standard in publications. All traditional scales assume that values are cover percentages with maximum 100. However, non-traditional alternative log can be used with any scale range. Its class limits are integer powers of 1/2 of the observed maximum in the data, with + used for non-zero entries less than 1/512 of data maximum (log stands alternatively for logarithmic or logical). Scale fix is intended for `fixing' 10-point scales: it truncates scale values to integers, and replaces 10 with X and positive values below 1 with +.

References

The cover scales are presented in many textbooks of vegetation science; I used:

Shimwell, D.W. (1971) The Description and Classification of Vegetation. Sidgwick & Jackson.

See Also

cut and approx for making your own `cover scales', wascores for weighted averages.

Examples

data(varespec)
## Print only more common species 
freq <- apply(varespec > 0, 2, sum)
vegetab(varespec, scale="Hult", sp.ind = freq > 10)
## Order by correspondence analysis, use Hill scaling and layout:
dca <- decorana(varespec)
vegetab(varespec, dca, "Hill", zero="-")