vein (version 0.6.0)

ef_ldv_speed: Emissions factors for Light Duty Vehicles and Motorcycles

Description

ef_ldv_speed returns speed dependent emission factors. The emission factors comes from the guidelines EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook http://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/air/emep-eea-air-pollutant-emission-inventory-guidebook

Usage

ef_ldv_speed(v, t = "4S", cc, f, eu, p, x, k = 1,
  show.equation = FALSE)

Arguments

v

Character; category vehicle: "PC", "LCV", "Motorcycle" or "Moped

t

Character; sub-category of of vehicle: PC: "ECE_1501", "ECE_1502", "ECE_1503", "ECE_1504" , "IMPROVED_CONVENTIONAL", "OPEN_LOOP", "ALL", "2S" or "4S". LCV: "4S", Motorcycle: "2S" or "4S". Moped: "2S" or "4S"

cc

Character; size of engine in cc: PC: "<=1400", ">1400", "1400_2000", ">2000", "<=800", "<=2000". Motorcycle: ">=50" (for "2S"), "<=250", "250_750", ">=750". Moped: "<=50". LCV : "<3.5" for gross weight.

f

Character; type of fuel: "G", "D", "LPG" or "FH" (Full Hybrid: starts by electric motor)

eu

Character; euro standard: "PRE", "I", "II", "III", "III+DPF", "IV", "V", "VI" or "VIc". When the pollutan is active surface or number of particles, eu can also be "III+DISI"

p

Character; pollutant: "CO", "FC", "NOx", "NO", "NO2", "HC", "PM", "NMHC", "CH4", "CO2", "SO2" or "Pb". Only when p is "SO2" pr "Pb" x is needed. Also polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), persistent organi pollutants (POPs), and Number of particles and Active Surface.

x

Numeric; if pollutant is "SO2", it is sulphur in fuel in ppm, if is "Pb", Lead in fuel in ppm.

k

Numeric; multiplication factor

show.equation

Logical; option to see or not the equation parameters

Value

An emission factor function which depends of the average speed V g/km

Details

The argument of this functions have several options which results in different combinations that returns emission factors. If a combination of any option is wrong it will return an empty value. Therefore, it is important ti know the combinations.

Examples

# NOT RUN {
{
# Do not run
# Passenger Cars PC
# Emission factor function
V <- 0:150
ef1 <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "CO")
efs <- EmissionFactors(ef1(1:150))
plot(Speed(1:150), efs, xlab = "speed[km/h]")

# Quick view
pol <- c("CO", "NOx", "HC", "NMHC", "CH4", "FC", "PM", "CO2", "SO2",
"AS_urban", "AS_rural", "AS_highway",
"N_urban", "N_rural", "N_highway",
"N_50nm_urban", "N_50_100nm_rural", "N_100_1000nm_highway")
f <- sapply(1:length(pol), function(i){
ef_ldv_speed("PC", "4S", "<=1400", "G", "PRE", pol[i], x = 10)(30)
})
f
# PAH POP
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene")(10)
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "napthalene")(10)

# Dioxins and Furans
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "PCB")(10)

# NMHC
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "hexane")(10)

# List of Copert emission factors for 40 years fleet of Passenger Cars.
# Assuming a euro distribution of euro V, IV, III, II, and I of
# 5 years each and the rest 15 as PRE euro:
euro <- c(rep("V", 5), rep("IV", 5), rep("III", 5), rep("II", 5),
          rep("I", 5), rep("PRE", 15))
speed <- 25
lef <- lapply(1:40, function(i) {
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
          eu = euro[i], p = "CO", show.equation = FALSE)(25) })
# to check the emission factor with a plot
efs <- EmissionFactors(unlist(lef)) #returns 'units'
plot(efs, xlab = "age")
lines(efs, type = "l")

# Light Commercial Vehicles
V <- 0:150
ef1 <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "LCV",t = "4S", cc = "<3.5", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "CO")
efs <- EmissionFactors(ef1(1:150))
plot(Speed(1:150), efs, xlab = "speed[km/h]")
lef <- lapply(1:40, function(i) {
ef_ldv_speed(v = "LCV", t = "4S", cc = "<3.5", f = "G",
          eu = euro[i], p = "CO", show.equation = FALSE)(25) })
# to check the emission factor with a plot
efs <- EmissionFactors(unlist(lef)) #returns 'units'
plot(efs, xlab = "age")
lines(efs, type = "l")

# Motorcycles
V <- 0:150
ef1 <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "Motorcycle",t = "4S", cc = "<=250", f = "G",
eu = "PRE", p = "CO",show.equation = TRUE)
efs <- EmissionFactors(ef1(1:150))
plot(Speed(1:150), efs, xlab = "speed[km/h]")
# euro for motorcycles
eurom <- c(rep("III", 5), rep("II", 5), rep("I", 5), rep("PRE", 25))
lef <- lapply(1:30, function(i) {
ef_ldv_speed(v = "Motorcycle", t = "4S", cc = "<=250", f = "G",
eu = eurom[i], p = "CO",
show.equation = FALSE)(25) })
efs <- EmissionFactors(unlist(lef)) #returns 'units'
plot(efs, xlab = "age")
lines(efs, type = "l")
}
# }