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ape (version 4.1)

Analyses of Phylogenetics and Evolution

Description

Functions for reading, writing, plotting, and manipulating phylogenetic trees, analyses of comparative data in a phylogenetic framework, ancestral character analyses, analyses of diversification and macroevolution, computing distances from DNA sequences, reading and writing nucleotide sequences as well as importing from BioConductor, and several tools such as Mantel's test, generalized skyline plots, graphical exploration of phylogenetic data (alex, trex, kronoviz), estimation of absolute evolutionary rates and clock-like trees using mean path lengths and penalized likelihood, dating trees with non-contemporaneous sequences, translating DNA into AA sequences, and assessing sequence alignments. Phylogeny estimation can be done with the NJ, BIONJ, ME, MVR, SDM, and triangle methods, and several methods handling incomplete distance matrices (NJ*, BIONJ*, MVR*, and the corresponding triangle method). Some functions call external applications (PhyML, Clustal, T-Coffee, Muscle) whose results are returned into R.

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Version

Install

install.packages('ape')

Monthly Downloads

114,164

Version

4.1

License

GPL (>= 2)

Maintainer

Emmanuel Paradis

Last Published

February 14th, 2017

Functions in ape (4.1)

ace

Ancestral Character Estimation
base.freq

Base frequencies from DNA Sequences
balance

Balance of a Dichotomous Phylogenetic Tree
as.matching

Conversion Between Phylo and Matching Objects
as.bitsplits

Split Frequencies and Conversion Among Split Classes
as.alignment

Conversion Among DNA Sequence Internal Formats
axisPhylo

Axis on Side of Phylogeny
as.phylo

Conversion Among Tree and Network Objects
as.phylo.formula

Conversion from Taxonomy Variables to Phylogenetic Trees
bd.ext

Extended Version of the Birth-Death Models to Estimate Speciation and Extinction Rates
apetools

Tools to Explore Files
bird.orders

Phylogeny of the Orders of Birds From Sibley and Ahlquist
birthdeath

Estimation of Speciation and Extinction Rates With Birth-Death Models
c.phylo

Building Lists of Trees
CADM.global

Congruence among distance matrices
boot.phylo

Tree Bipartition and Bootstrapping Phylogenies
branching.times

Branching Times of a Phylogenetic Tree
BIONJ

Tree Estimation Based on an Improved Version of the NJ Algorithm
bird.families

Phylogeny of the Families of Birds From Sibley and Ahlquist
bd.time

Time-Dependent Birth-Death Models
bind.tree

Binds Trees
checkValidPhylo

Check the Structure of a "phylo" Object
chiroptera

Bat Phylogeny
carnivora

Carnivora body sizes and life history traits
chronoMPL

Molecular Dating With Mean Path Lengths
chronopl

Molecular Dating With Penalized Likelihood
clustal

Multiple Sequence Alignment with External Applications
cherry

Number of Cherries and Null Models of Trees
checkAlignment

Check DNA Alignments
coalescent.intervals

Coalescent Intervals
chronos

Molecular Dating by Penalised Likelihood and Maximum Likelihood
compute.brtime

Compute and Set Branching Times
compar.gee

Comparative Analysis with GEEs
collapse.singles

Collapse Single Nodes
collapsed.intervals

Collapsed Coalescent Intervals
compar.cheverud

Cheverud's Comparative Method
compute.brlen

Branch Lengths Computation
compar.lynch

Lynch's Comparative Method
consensus

Concensus Trees
compar.ou

Ornstein--Uhlenbeck Model for Continuous Characters
cophenetic.phylo

Pairwise Distances from a Phylogenetic Tree
corBrownian

Brownian Correlation Structure
corClasses

Phylogenetic Correlation Structures
corMartins

Martins's (1997) Correlation Structure
delta.plot

Delta Plots
dist.dna

Pairwise Distances from DNA Sequences
del.gaps

Delete Alignment Gaps in DNA Sequences
def

Definition of Vectors for Plotting or Annotating
corGrafen

Grafen's (1989) Correlation Structure
data.nex

NEXUS Data Example
dbd

Probability Density Under Birth--Death Models
howmanytrees

Calculate Numbers of Phylogenetic Trees
identify.phylo

Graphical Identification of Nodes and Tips
drop.tip

Remove Tips in a Phylogenetic Tree
DNAbin2indel

Recode Blocks of Indels
cophyloplot

Plots two phylogenetic trees face to face with links between the tips.
corBlomberg

Blomberg et al.'s Correlation Structure
image.DNAbin

Plot of DNA Sequence Alignement
Initialize.corPhyl

Initialize a `corPhyl' Structure Object
diversi.gof

Tests of Constant Diversification Rates
diversi.time

Analysis of Diversification with Survival Models
kronoviz

Plot Multiple Chronograms on the Same Scale
label2table

Label Management
mantel.test

Mantel Test for Similarity of Two Matrices
mat3

Three Matrices
is.compatible

Check Compatibility of Splits
is.binary

Test for Binary Tree
multiphylo

Manipulating Lists of Trees
matexpo

Matrix Exponential
multi2di

Collapse and Resolve Multichotomies
mcconwaysims.test

McConway-Sims Test of Homogeneous Diversification
mvr

Minimum Variance Reduction
parafit

Test of host-parasite coevolution
pic

Phylogenetically Independent Contrasts
pic.ortho

Phylogenetically Independent Orthonormal Contrasts
seg.sites

Find Segregating Sites in DNA Sequences
SDM

Construction of Consensus Distance Matrix With SDM
nodepath

Find Paths of Nodes
nj

Neighbor-Joining Tree Estimation
read.tree

Read Tree File in Parenthetic Format
reconstruct

Continuous Ancestral Character Estimation
trex

Tree Explorer With Multiple Devices
triangMtd

Tree Reconstruction Based on the Triangles Method
rtree

Generates Random Trees
plot.correlogram

Plot a Correlogram
rtt

Root a Tree by Root-to-Tip Regression
unique.multiPhylo

Revomes Duplicate Trees
reorder.phylo

Internal Reordering of Trees
richness.yule.test

Test of Diversification-Shift With the Yule Process
add.scale.bar

Add a Scale Bar to a Phylogeny Plot
plot.phylo

Plot Phylogenies
varcomp

Compute Variance Component Estimates
additive

Incomplete Distance Matrix Filling
varCompPhylip

Variance Components with Orthonormal Contrasts
vcv

Phylogenetic Variance-covariance or Correlation Matrix
ape-internal

Internal Ape Functions
ape-package

Analyses of Phylogenetics and Evolution
makeNodeLabel

Makes Node Labels
njs

Tree Reconstruction from Incomplete Distances With NJ* or bio-NJ*
mrca

Find Most Recent Common Ancestors Between Pairs
mst

Minimum Spanning Tree
makeLabel

Label Management
node.dating

node.dating
read.GenBank

Read DNA Sequences from GenBank via Internet
read.gff

Read GFF Files
alview

Print DNA or AA Sequence Alignement
all.equal.phylo

Global Comparison of two Phylogenies
dist.gene

Pairwise Distances from Genetic Data
corPagel

Pagel's ``lambda'' Correlation Structure
correlogram.formula

Phylogenetic Correlogram
vcv2phylo

Variance-Covariance Matrix to Tree
weight.taxo

Define Similarity Matrix
dist.topo

Topological Distances Between Two Trees
gammaStat

Gamma-Statistic of Pybus and Harvey
ladderize

Ladderize a Tree
hivtree

Phylogenetic Tree of 193 HIV-1 Sequences
DNAbin

Manipulate DNA Sequences in Bit-Level Format
diversity.contrast.test

Diversity Contrast Test
AAbin

Amino Acid Sequences
mixedFontLabel

Mixed Font Labels for Plotting
lmorigin

Multiple regression through the origin
mcmc.popsize

Reversible Jump MCMC to Infer Demographic History
edges

Draw Additional Edges on a Plotted Tree
is.monophyletic

Is Group Monophyletic
is.ultrametric

Test if a Tree is Ultrametric
evonet

Evolutionary Networks
LTT

Theoretical Lineage-Through Time Plots
ltt.plot

Lineages Through Time Plot
Moran.I

Moran's I Autocorrelation Index
rotate

Swapping Sister Clades
trans

Translation from DNA to Amino Acid Sequences
rTraitCont

Continuous Character Simulation
treePop

Tree Popping
woodmouse

Cytochrome b Gene Sequences of Woodmice
write.dna

Write DNA Sequences in a File
alex

Alignment Explorer With Multiple Devices
all.equal.DNAbin

Compare DNA Sets
ewLasso

Incomplete distances and edge weights of unrooted topology
FastME

Tree Estimation Based on the Minimum Evolution Algorithm
mat5M3ID

Five Trees
mat5Mrand

Five Independent Trees
phydataplot

Tree Annotation
phymltest

Fits a Bunch of Models with PhyML
read.caic

Read Tree File in CAIC Format
plot.phylo.extra

Extra Fuctions to Plot and Annotate Phylogenies
read.dna

Read DNA Sequences in a File
plot.varcomp

Plot Variance Components
MPR

Most Parsimonious Reconstruction
node.depth

Depth and Heights of Nodes and Tips
nodelabels

Labelling the Nodes, Tips, and Edges of a Tree
skyline

Skyline Plot Estimate of Effective Population Size
skylineplot

Drawing Skyline Plot Graphs
stree

Generates Systematic Regular Trees
rTraitDisc

Discrete Character Simulation
subtreeplot

Zoom on a Portion of a Phylogeny by Successive Clicks
zoom

Zoom on a Portion of a Phylogeny
read.nexus.data

Read Character Data In NEXUS Format
read.nexus

Read Tree File in Nexus Format
plotTreeTime

Plot Tree With Time Axis
print.phylo

Compact Display of a Phylogeny
rTraitMult

Multivariate Character Simulation
subtrees

All subtrees of a Phylogenetic Tree
slowinskiguyer.test

Slowinski-Guyer Test of Homogeneous Diversification
speciesTree

Species Tree Estimation
summary.phylo

Print Summary of a Phylogeny
where

Find Patterns in DNA Sequences
rlineage

Tree Simulation Under the Time-Dependent Birth--Death Models
root

Roots Phylogenetic Trees
write.nexus.data

Write Character Data in NEXUS Format
write.nexus

Write Tree File in Nexus Format
which.edge

Identifies Edges of a Tree
yule

Fits the Yule Model to a Phylogenetic Tree
write.tree

Write Tree File in Parenthetic Format
yule.cov

Fits the Yule Model With Covariates
yule.time

Fits the Time-Dependent Yule Model
binaryPGLMM

Phylogenetic Generalized Linear Mixed Model for Binary Data
corphylo

Correlations among Multiple Traits with Phylogenetic Signal
pcoa

Principal Coordinate Analysis