data.matrix: Convert a Data Frame to a Numeric Matrix
Description
Return the matrix obtained by converting all the variables in a data
frame to numeric mode and then binding them together as the columns of
a matrix. Factors and ordered factors are replaced by their internal
codes.
Usage
data.matrix(frame, rownames.force = NA)
Arguments
frame
a data frame whose components are logical vectors,
factors or numeric vectors.
rownames.force
logical indicating if the resulting matrix
should have character (rather than NULL)
rownames. The default, NA, uses NULL
rownames if the data frame has ‘automatic’ row.names or for a
zero-row data frame.
Value
If frame inherits from class "data.frame", an integer or
numeric matrix of the same dimensions as frame, with dimnames
taken from the row.names (or NULL, depending on
rownames.force) and names.
Logical and factor columns are converted to integers. Any other
column which is not numeric (according to is.numeric) is
converted by as.numeric or, for S4 objects,
as(, "numeric"). If all columns are integer (after
conversion) the result is an integer matrix, otherwise a numeric
(double) matrix.
References
Chambers, J. M. (1992)
Data for models.
Chapter 3 of Statistical Models in S
eds J. M. Chambers and T. J. Hastie, Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole.