Learn R Programming
⚠️There's a newer version (2.4.6.26) of this package.Take me there.

psych (version 1.0-97)

Procedures for Psychological, Psychometric, and Personality Research

Description

A number of routines for personality, psychometrics and experimental psychology. Functions are primarily for scale construction using factor analysis, cluster analysis and reliability analysis, although others provide basic descriptive statistics. Item Response Theory is done using factor analysis of tetrachoric and polychoric correlations. Functions for simulating particular item and test structures are included. Several functions serve as a useful front end for structural equation modeling. Graphical displays of path diagrams, factor analysis and structural equation models are created using basic graphics. Some of the functions are written to support a book on psychometrics as well as publications in personality research. For more information, see the personality-project.org/r webpage.

Copy Link

Version

Install

install.packages('psych')

Monthly Downloads

150,960

Version

1.0-97

License

GPL (>= 2)

Maintainer

William Revelle

Last Published

May 15th, 2011

Functions in psych (1.0-97)

iclust

iclust: Item Cluster Analysis -- Hierarchical cluster analysis using psychometric principles
cortest.bartlett

Bartlett's test that a correlation matrix is an identity matrix
ICLUST.rgraph

Draw an ICLUST graph using the Rgraphviz package
factor.residuals

R* = R- F F'
headtail

Combine calls to head and tail
alpha

Find two estimates of reliability: Cronbach's alpha and Guttman's Lambda 6.
bfi

25 Personality items representing 5 factors
affect

Two data sets of affect and arousal scores as a function of personality and movie conditions
geometric.mean

Find the geometric mean of a vector or columns of a data.frame.
VSS.scree

Plot the successive eigen values for a scree test
describe.by

Basic summary statistics by group
circ.tests

Apply four tests of circumplex versus simple structure
msq

75 mood items from the Motivational State Questionnaire for 3896 participants
partial.r

Find the partial correlations for a set (x) of variables with set (y) removed.
cor.plot

Create an image plot for a correlation or factor matrix
cortest.mat

Chi square tests of whether a single matrix is an identity matrix, or a pair of matrices are equal.
ICC

Intraclass Correlations (ICC1, ICC2, ICC3 from Shrout and Fleiss)
factor.rotate

``Hand" rotate a factor loading matrix
SD

Find the Standard deviation for a vector, matrix, or data.frame - do not return error if there are no cases
score.multiple.choice

Score multiple choice items and provide basic test statistics
Dwyer

8 cognitive variables used by Dwyer for an example.
Schmid

12 variables created by Schmid and Leiman to show the Schmid-Leiman Transformation
iclust.diagram

Draw an ICLUST hierarchical cluster structure diagram
interp.median

Find the interpolated sample median, quartiles, or specific quantiles for a vector, matrix, or data frame
reverse.code

Reverse the coding of selected items prior to scale analysis
VSS.parallel

Compare real and random VSS solutions
VSS.plot

Plot VSS fits
fa.sort

Sort factor analysis or principal components analysis loadings
describe

Basic descriptive statistics useful for psychometrics
cities

Distances between 11 US cities
read.clipboard

shortcut for reading from the clipboard
count.pairwise

Count number of pairwise cases for a data set with missing (NA) data.
heights

A data.frame of the Galton (1888) height and cubit data set.
00.psych

A package for personality, psychometric, and psychological research
ellipses

Plot data and 1 and 2 sigma correlation ellipses
mat.sort

Sort the elements of a correlation matrix to reflect factor loadings
fa.diagram

Graph factor loading matrices
winsor

Find the Winsorized scores, means, sds or variances for a vector, matrix, or data.frame
scaling.fits

Test the adequacy of simple choice, logistic, or Thurstonian scaling.
income

US family income from US census 2008
fa.extension

Apply Dwyer's factor extension to find factor loadings for extended variables
ICLUST.sort

Sort items by absolute size of cluster loadings
matrix.addition

A function to add two vectors or matrices
cubits

Galton's example of the relationship between height and 'cubit' or forearm length
paired.r

Test the difference between (un)paired correlations
Harman

Two data sets from Harman (1967). 9 cognitive variables from Holzinger and 8 emotional variables from Burt
epi.bfi

13 personality scales from the Eysenck Personality Inventory and Big 5 inventory
biplot.psych

Draw biplots of factor or component scores by factor or component loadings
block.random

Create a block randomized structure for n independent variables
logistic

Logistic transform from x to p and logit transform from p to x
irt.item.diff.rasch

Simple function to estimate item difficulties using IRT concepts
Promax

Perform promax or targeted rotations and return the inter factor angles
Bechtoldt

Seven data sets showing a bifactor solution.
scrub

A utility for basic data cleaning and recoding. Changes values outside of minimum and maximum limits to NA.
fisherz

Fisher r to z and z to r and confidence intervals
table2matrix

Convert a table with counts to a matrix or data.frame representing those counts.
pairs.panels

SPLOM, histograms and correlations for a data matrix
blot

Bond's Logical Operations Test -- BLOT
sim.item

Generate simulated data structures for circumplex or simple structure
cluster2keys

Convert a cluster vector (from e.g., kmeans) to a keys matrix suitable for scoring item clusters.
Gorsuch

Example data set from Gorsuch (1997) for an example factor extension.
draw.tetra

Draw a correlation ellipse and two normal curves to demonstrate tetrachoric correlation
irt.fa

Item Response Analysis by factor analysis of tetrachoric/polychoric correlations
cosinor

Functions for analysis of circadian or diurnal data
structure.diagram

Draw a structural equation model specified by two measurement models and a structural model
burt

11 emotional variables from Burt (1915)
correct.cor

Find dis-attenuated correlations given correlations and reliabilities
test.psych

Testing of functions in the psych package
fa

MinRes (minimum residual) Factor analysis as well as Factor Analysis by Principal Axis, Weighted Least Squares or Maximum Likelihood
diagram

Helper functions for drawing path model diagrams
principal

Principal components analysis
phi

Find the phi coefficient of correlation between two dichotomous variables
omega

Calculate McDonald's omega estimates of general and total factor saturation
cluster.loadings

Find item by cluster correlations, corrected for overlap and reliability
corr.test

Find the correlations, sample sizes, and probability values between elements of a matrix or data.frame.
error.crosses

Plot x and y error bars
factor.fit

How well does the factor model fit a correlation matrix. Part of the VSS package
predict.psych

Prediction function for factor analysis or principal components
guttman

Alternative estimates of test reliabiity
omega.graph

Graph hierarchical factor structures
Yule

From a two by two table, find the Yule coefficients of association, convert to phi, or polychoric, recreate table the table to create the Yule coefficient.
irt.1p

Item Response Theory estimate of theta (ability) using a Rasch (like) model
score.alpha

Score scales and find Cronbach's alpha as well as associated statistics
sim.VSS

create VSS like data
sat.act

3 Measures of ability: SATV, SATQ, ACT
p.rep

Find the probability of replication for an F, t, or r and estimate effect size
cta

Simulate the C(ues) T(endency) A(ction) model of motivation
print.psych

Print and summary functions for the psych class
ICLUST.graph

create control code for ICLUST graphical output
bock

Bock and Liberman (1970) data set of 1000 observations of the LSAT
eigen.loadings

Convert eigen vectors and eigen values to the more normal (for psychologists) component loadings
comorbidity

Convert base rates of two diagnoses and their comorbidity into phi, Yule, and tetrachorics
r.test

Tests of significance for correlations
fa.parallel

Scree plots of data or correlation matrix compared to random ``parallel" matrices
cluster.fit

cluster Fit: fit of the cluster model to a correlation matrix
cluster.cor

Find correlations of composite variables from a larger matrix
peas

Galton`s Peas
error.bars.by

Plot means and confidence intervals for multiple groups
factor.congruence

Coefficient of factor congruence
cluster.plot

Plot factor/cluster loadings and assign items to clusters by their highest loading.
factor.model

Find R = F F' + U2 is the basic factor model
sim.hierarchical

Create a population or sample correlation matrix, perhaps with hierarchical structure.
factor2cluster

Extract cluster definitions from factor loadings
tr

Find the trace of a square matrix
sim.structure

Create correlation matrices or data matrices with a particular measurement and structural model
phi.demo

A simple demonstration of the Pearson, phi, and polychoric corelation
polychor.matrix

Phi or Yule coefficient matrix to polychoric coefficient matrix
sim.anova

Simulate a 3 way balanced ANOVA or linear model, with or without repeated measures.
smc

Find the Squared Multiple Correlation (SMC) of each variable with the remaining variables in a matrix
scatter.hist

Draw a scatter plot with associated X and Y histograms, densitie and correlation
mixed.cor

Find correlations for mixtures of continuous, polytomous, and dichotomous variables
cohen.kappa

Find Cohen's kappa and weighted kappa coefficients for correlation of two raters
mardia

Calculate univariate or multivariate (Mardia's test) skew and kurtosis for a vector, matrix, or data.frame
plot.psych

Plotting functions for the psych package of class ``psych"
score.items

Score item composite scales and find Cronbach's alpha, Guttman lambda 6 and item whole correlations
super.matrix

Form a super matrix from two sub matrices.
tetrachoric

Tetrachoric, polychoric, biserial and polyserial correlations from various types of input
polar

Convert Cartesian factor loadings into polar coordinates
structure.list

Create factor model matrices from an input list
phi2poly

Convert a phi coefficient to a polychoric correlation
sim.congeneric

Simulate a congeneric data set
factor.stats

Find various goodness of fit statistics for factor analysis and principal components
VSS

Apply the Very Simple Structure and MAP criteria to determine the appropriate number of factors.
bi.bars

Draw pairs of bargraphs based on two groups
error.bars

Plot means and confidence intervals
multi.hist

Multiple histograms with density and normal fits on one page
ICLUST.cluster

Function to form hierarchical cluster analysis of items
Tucker

9 Cognitive variables discussed by Tucker and Lewis (1973)
galton

Galton's Mid parent child height data
make.keys

Create a keys matrix for use by score.items or cluster.cor
rescale

Function to convert scores to ``conventional " metrics
sim

Functions to simulate psychological/psychometric data.
neo

NEO correlation matrix from the NEO_PI_R manual
set.cor

Set Correlation and Multiple Regression from raw or matrix input
iqitems

14 multiple choice IQ items
thurstone

Thurstone Case V scaling
harmonic.mean

Find the harmonic mean of a vector, matrix, or columns of a data.frame
vegetables

Paired comparison of preferences for 9 vegetables
glb.algebraic

Find the greatest lower bound to reliability.
simulation.circ

Simulations of circumplex and simple structure