samr (version 2.0)

SAMseq: Significance analysis of sequencing data - simple user interface

Description

Correlates a large number of features (eg. genes) with an outcome variable, such as a group indicator, quantitative variable or survival time. This is a simple user interface for the samr function applied to sequencing data. For array data applications, see the function SAM.

Usage

SAMseq(x, y, censoring.status = NULL, 
resp.type = c("Quantitative", "Two class unpaired", 
"Survival", "Multiclass", "Two class paired"), 
geneid = NULL, genenames = NULL, nperms = 100, 
random.seed = NULL, nresamp = 20, fdr.output = 0.20)

Arguments

x

Feature matrix: p (number of features) by n (number of samples), one observation per column (missing values allowed)

y

n-vector of outcome measurements

censoring.status

n-vector of censoring censoring.status (1=died or event occurred, 0=survived, or event was censored), needed for a censored survival outcome

resp.type

Problem type: "Quantitative" for a continuous parameter; "Two class unpaired" for two classes with unpaired observations; "Survival" for censored survival outcome; "Multiclass": more than 2 groups; "Two class paired" for two classes with paired observations.

geneid

Optional character vector of geneids for output.

genenames

Optional character vector of genenames for output.

nperms

Number of permutations used to estimate false discovery rates

random.seed

Optional initial seed for random number generator (integer)

nresamp

Number of resamples used to construct test statistic. Default 20.

fdr.output

(Approximate) False Discovery Rate cutoff for output in significant genes table

Value

A list with components

samr.obj

Output of samr. See documentation for samr for details

siggenes.table

Table of significant genes, output of samr.compute.siggenes.table. This has components: genes.up---matrix of significant genes having positive correlation with the outcome and genes.lo---matrix of significant genes having negative correlation with the outcome. For survival data, genes.up are those genes having positive correlation with risk- that is, increased expression corresponds to higher risk (shorter survival) genes.lo are those whose increased expression corresponds to lower risk (longer survival).

delta.table

Output of samr.compute.delta.table.

del

Value of delta (distance from 45 degree line in SAM plot) for used for creating delta.table and siggenes.table. Changing the input value fdr.output will change the resulting del.

call

The calling sequence

Details

This is a simple, user-friendly interface to the samr package used on sequencing data. It automatically disables arguments/features that do not apply to sequencing data. It calls samr, samr.compute.delta.table and samr.compute.siggenes.table. samr detects differential expression for microarray data, and sequencing data, and other data with a large number of features. samr is the R package that is called by the "official" SAM Excel Addin. The format of the response vector y and the calling sequence is illustrated in the examples below. A more complete description is given in the SAM manual at http://www-stat.stanford.edu/~tibs/SAM

References

Tusher, V., Tibshirani, R. and Chu, G. (2001): Significance analysis of microarrays applied to the ionizing radiation response PNAS 2001 98: 5116-5121, (Apr 24). http://www-stat.stanford.edu/~tibs/SAM

Li, Jun and Tibshirani, R. (2011). Finding consistent patterns: a nonparametric approach for identifying differential expression in RNA-Seq data. To appear, Statistical Methods in Medical Research.

Examples

######### two class unpaired comparison
set.seed(100)
mu <- matrix(100, 1000, 20)
mu[1:100, 11:20] <- 200
mu <- scale(mu, center=FALSE, scale=runif(20, 0.5, 1.5))
x <- matrix(rpois(length(mu), mu), 1000, 20)
y <- c(rep(1, 10), rep(2, 10))

samfit <- SAMseq(x, y, resp.type = "Two class unpaired") 

# examine significant gene list
print(samfit)

# plot results
plot(samfit)

######### two class paired comparison
set.seed(100)
mu <- matrix(100, 1000, 20)
mu[1:100, 11:20] <- 200
mu <- scale(mu, center=FALSE, scale=runif(20, 0.5, 1.5))
x <- matrix(rpois(length(mu), mu), 1000, 20)
y <- c(-(1:10), 1:10)

samfit <- SAMseq(x, y, resp.type = "Two class paired") 

# examine significant gene list
print(samfit)

# plot results
plot(samfit)

######### Multiclass comparison
set.seed(100)
mu <- matrix(100, 1000, 20)
mu[1:20, 1:5] <- 120
mu[21:50, 6:10] <- 80
mu[51:70, 11:15] <- 150
mu[71:100, 16:20] <- 60
mu <- scale(mu, center=FALSE, scale=runif(20, 0.5, 1.5))
x <- matrix(rpois(length(mu), mu), 1000, 20)
y <- c(rep(1:4, rep(5, 4)))

samfit <- SAMseq(x, y, resp.type = "Multiclass") 

# examine significant gene list
print(samfit)

# plot results
plot(samfit)

######### Quantitative comparison
set.seed(100)
mu <- matrix(100, 1000, 20)
y <- runif(20, 1, 3)
mu[1 : 100, ] <- matrix(rep(100 * y, 100), ncol=20, byrow=TRUE)
mu <- scale(mu, center=FALSE, scale=runif(20, 0.5, 1.5))
x <- matrix(rpois(length(mu), mu), 1000, 20)
samfit <- SAMseq(x, y, resp.type = "Quantitative")

# examine significant gene list
print(samfit)

# plot results
plot(samfit)

######### Survival comparison
set.seed(100)
mu <- matrix(100, 1000, 20)
y <- runif(20, 1, 3)
mu[1 : 100, ] <- matrix(rep(100 * y, 100), ncol=20, byrow=TRUE)
mu <- scale(mu, center=FALSE, scale=runif(20, 0.5, 1.5))
x <- matrix(rpois(length(mu), mu), 1000, 20)
y <- y + runif(20, -0.5, 0.5)
censoring.status <- as.numeric(y < 2.3)
y[y >= 2.3] <- 2.3
samfit <- SAMseq(x, y, censoring.status = censoring.status, 
resp.type = "Survival")

# examine significant gene list
print(samfit)

# plot results
plot(samfit)