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base (version 3.3.1)
The R Base Package
Description
Base R functions.
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Version
3.3.1
License
Part of R 3.3.1
Maintainer
R-core R-core@R-project.org
Last Published
January 1st, 1970
Functions in base (3.3.1)
Search functions
append
Vector Merging
any
Are Some Values True?
args
Argument List of a Function
apply
Apply Functions Over Array Margins
aperm
Array Transposition
all.names
Find All Names in an Expression
agrep
Approximate String Matching (Fuzzy Matching)
all.equal
Test if Two Objects are (Nearly) Equal
all
Are All Values True?
abbreviate
Abbreviate Strings
assign
Assign a Value to a Name
as.POSIX*
Date-time Conversion Functions
as.environment
Coerce to an Environment Object
assignOps
Assignment Operators
AsIs
Inhibit Interpretation/Conversion of Objects
as.Date
Date Conversion Functions to and from Character
as.data.frame
Coerce to a Data Frame
array
Multi-way Arrays
Arithmetic
Arithmetic Operators
as.function
Convert Object to Function
attributes
Object Attribute Lists
autoload
On-demand Loading of Packages
base-internal
Internal Objects in Package
base
backsolve
Solve an Upper or Lower Triangular System
base-deprecated
Deprecated Functions in Package
base
attach
Attach Set of R Objects to Search Path
attr
Object Attributes
base-package
The R Base Package
base-defunct
Defunct Functions in Package
base
basename
Manipulate File Paths
bitwise
Bitwise Logical Operations
body
Access to and Manipulation of the Body of a Function
bquote
Partial substitution in expressions
Bessel
Bessel Functions
browserText
Functions to Retrieve Values Supplied by Calls to the Browser
browser
Environment Browser
.bincode
Bin a Numeric Vector
by
Apply a Function to a Data Frame Split by Factors
builtins
Returns the Names of All Built-in Objects
bindenv
Binding and Environment Locking, Active Bindings
charmatch
Partial String Matching
cat
Concatenate and Print
callCC
Call With Current Continuation
character
Character Vectors
cbind
Combine R Objects by Rows or Columns
char.expand
Expand a String with Respect to a Target Table
c
Combine Values into a Vector or List
capabilities
Report Capabilities of this Build of R
call
Function Calls
CallExternal
Modern Interfaces to C/C++ code
colSums
Form Row and Column Sums and Means
col
Column Indexes
row+colnames
Row and Column Names
chol2inv
Inverse from Choleski (or QR) Decomposition
chartr
Character Translation and Casefolding
commandArgs
Extract Command Line Arguments
chkDots
Warn About Extraneous Arguments in the "..." of Its Caller
chol
The Choleski Decomposition
Colon
Colon Operator
class
Object Classes
Control
Control Flow
cut
Convert Numeric to Factor
copyright
Copyrights of Files Used to Build R
crossprod
Matrix Crossproduct
cut.POSIXt
Convert a Date or Date-Time Object to a Factor
Cstack_info
Report Information on C Stack Size and Usage
conditions
Condition Handling and Recovery
complex
Complex Numbers and Basic Functionality
Constants
Built-in Constants
contributors
R Project Contributors
data.frame
Data Frames
data.class
Object Classes
debug
Debug a Function
comment
Query or Set a
"comment"
Attribute
Defunct
Marking Objects as Defunct
Comparison
Relational Operators
data.matrix
Convert a Data Frame to a Numeric Matrix
dataframeHelpers
Data Frame Auxiliary Functions
deparse
Expression Deparsing
delayedAssign
Delay Evaluation
.Device
Lists of Open/Active Graphics Devices
diag
Matrix Diagonals
encodeString
Encode Character Vector as for Printing
deparseOpts
Options for Expression Deparsing
Encoding
Read or Set the Declared Encodings for a Character Vector
dim
Dimensions of an Object
Deprecated
Marking Objects as Deprecated
do.call
Execute a Function Call
droplevels
droplevels
dump
Text Representations of R Objects
expand.grid
Create a Data Frame from All Combinations of Factor Variables
files2
Manipulaton of Directories and File Permissions
expression
Unevaluated Expressions
find.package
Find Packages
conflicts
Search for Masked Objects on the Search Path
cumsum
Cumulative Sums, Products, and Extremes
connections
Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
curlGetHeaders
Retrieve Headers from URLs
duplicated
Determine Duplicate Elements
dyn.load
Foreign Function Interface
environment
Environment Access
EnvVar
Environment Variables
findInterval
Find Interval Numbers or Indices
force
Force Evaluation of an Argument
Foreign
Foreign Function Interface
formals
Access to and Manipulation of the Formal Arguments
hexmode
Display Numbers in Hexadecimal
Hyperbolic
Hyperbolic Functions
Internal
Call an Internal Function
InternalMethods
Internal Generic Functions
is.single
Is an Object of Single Precision Type?
ISOdatetime
Date-time Conversion Functions from Numeric Representations
file.show
Display One or More Text Files
kappa
Compute or Estimate the Condition Number of a Matrix
format.pval
Format P Values
files
File Manipulation
formatC
Formatting Using C-style Formats
getDLLRegisteredRoutines
Reflectance Information for C/Fortran routines in a DLL
grouping
Grouping Permutation
getNativeSymbolInfo
Obtain a Description of one or more Native (C/Fortran) Symbols
gzcon
(De)compress I/O Through Connections
interaction
Compute Factor Interactions
diff
Lagged Differences
difftime
Time Intervals / Differences
dput
Write an Object to a File or Recreate it
drop
Drop Redundant Extent Information
eval
Evaluate an (Unevaluated) Expression
exists
Is an Object Defined?
file.access
Ascertain File Accessibility
file.choose
Choose a File Interactively
formatDL
Format Description Lists
DateTimeClasses
Date-Time Classes
dcf
Read and Write Data in DCF Format
dontCheck
Identity Function to Suppress Checking
double
Double-Precision Vectors
Extract
Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
Extremes
Maxima and Minima
file.info
Extract File Information
file.path
Construct Path to File
format.info
format(.) Information
invisible
Change the Print Mode to Invisible
interactive
Is R Running Interactively?
libPaths
Search Paths for Packages
is.finite
Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
library.dynam
Loading DLLs from Packages
margin.table
Compute table margin
mat.or.vec
Create a Matrix or a Vector
noquote
Class for ‘no quote’ Printing of Character Strings
nrow
The Number of Rows/Columns of an Array
norm
Compute the Norm of a Matrix
kronecker
Kronecker Products on Arrays
license
The R License Terms
library
Loading/Attaching and Listing of Packages
LongVectors
Long Vectors
lower.tri
Lower and Upper Triangular Part of a Matrix
matmult
Matrix Multiplication
MathFun
Miscellaneous Mathematical Functions
matrix
Matrices
maxCol
Find Maximum Position in Matrix
names
The Names of an Object
date
System Date and Time
Dates
Date Class
det
Calculate the Determinant of a Matrix
detach
Detach Objects from the Search Path
eapply
Apply a Function Over Values in an Environment
eigen
Spectral Decomposition of a Matrix
Extract.data.frame
Extract or Replace Parts of a Data Frame
extSoftVersion
Report Versions of Third-Party Software
Extract.factor
Extract or Replace Parts of a Factor
factor
Factors
function
Function Definition
icuSetCollate
Setup Collation by ICU
iconv
Convert Character Vector between Encodings
lazyLoad
Lazy Load a Database of R Objects
Last.value
Value of Last Evaluated Expression
levels
Levels Attributes
gc.time
Report Time Spent in Garbage Collection
format
Encode in a Common Format
gctorture
Torture Garbage Collector
gl
Generate Factor Levels
is.function
Is an Object of Type (Primitive) Function?
grep
Pattern Matching and Replacement
forceAndCall
Call a function with Some Arguments Forced
getCallingDLL
Compute DLL for Native Interface Call
Foreign-internal
Internal Versions of the Foreign Function Interface
get
Return the Value of a Named Object
gettext
Translate Text Messages
identity
Identity Function
getwd
Get or Set Working Directory
identical
Test Objects for Exact Equality
jitter
‘Jitter’ (Add Noise) to Numbers
is.language
Is an Object a Language Object?
isSymmetric
Test if a Matrix or other Object is Symmetric (Hermitian)
length
Length of an Object
locales
Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
lengths
Lengths of List or Vector Elements
Memory-limits
Memory Limits in R
match.call
Argument Matching
match.arg
Argument Verification Using Partial Matching
log
Logarithms and Exponentials
is.object
Is an Object ‘internally classed’?
is.recursive
Is an Object Atomic or Recursive?
labels
Find Labels from Object
lapply
Apply a Function over a List or Vector
Logic
Logical Operators
match
Value Matching
match.fun
Extract a Function Specified by Name
logical
Logical Vectors
missing
Does a Formal Argument have a Value?
message
Diagnostic Messages
libcurlVersion
Report Version of libcurl
load
Reload Saved Datasets
list2env
From A List, Build or Add To an Environment
ns-load
Loading and Unloading Name Spaces
memCompress
In-memory Compression and Decompression
on.exit
Function Exit Code
Ops.Date
Operators on the Date Class
ns-reflect.Rd
Namespace Reflection Support
mean
Arithmetic Mean
print.default
Default Printing
funprog
Common Higher-Order Functions in Functional Programming Languages
grepRaw
Pattern Matching for Raw Vectors
gc
Garbage Collection
is.R
Are we using R, rather than S?
integer
Integer Vectors
groupGeneric
S3 Group Generic Functions
ifelse
Conditional Element Selection
isS4
Test for an S4 object
La_version
LAPACK Version
l10n_info
Localization Information
nargs
The Number of Arguments to a Function
numeric_version
Numeric Versions
order
Ordering Permutation
outer
Outer Product of Arrays
print.data.frame
Printing Data Frames
pushBack
Push Text Back on to a Connection
numeric
Numeric Vectors
rank
Sample Ranks
qr
The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
nlevels
The Number of Levels of a Factor
nchar
Count the Number of Characters (or Bytes or Width)
NULL
The Null Object
NumericConstants
Numeric Constants
octmode
Display Numbers in Octal
pcre_config
Report Configuration Options for PCRE
.Platform
Platform Specific Variables
Random.user
User-supplied Random Number Generation
readline
Read a Line from the Terminal
readChar
Transfer Character Strings To and From Connections
print
Print Values
rep
Replicate Elements of Vectors and Lists
proc.time
Running Time of R
replace
Replace Values in a Vector
save
Save R Objects
sample
Random Samples and Permutations
Memory
Memory Available for Data Storage
setTimeLimit
Set CPU and/or Elapsed Time Limits
ns-hooks
Hooks for Namespace Events
mode
The (Storage) Mode of an Object
path.expand
Expand File Paths
paste
Concatenate Strings
ns-internals
Namespace Internals
pmatch
Partial String Matching
polyroot
Find Zeros of a Real or Complex Polynomial
ns-topenv
Top Level Environment
Primitive
Look Up a Primitive Function
reg.finalizer
Finalization of Objects
rapply
Recursively Apply a Function to a List
row.names
Get and Set Row Names for Data Frames
rowsum
Give Column Sums of a Matrix or Data Frame, Based on a Grouping Variable
scale
Scaling and Centering of Matrix-like Objects
scan
Read Data Values
slotOp
Extract or Replace A Slot
startsWith
Does String Start or End With Another String?
standardGeneric
Formal Method System -- Dispatching S4 Methods
socketSelect
Wait on Socket Connections
prmatrix
Print Matrices, Old-style
Quotes
Quotes
strwrap
Wrap Character Strings to Format Paragraphs
list
Lists -- Generic and Dotted Pairs
list.files
List the Files in a Directory/Folder
ls
List Objects
make.names
Make Syntactically Valid Names
memory.profile
Profile the Usage of Cons Cells
make.unique
Make Character Strings Unique
mapply
Apply a Function to Multiple List or Vector Arguments
merge
Merge Two Data Frames
normalizePath
Express File Paths in Canonical Form
name
Names and Symbols
NotYet
Not Yet Implemented Functions and Unused Arguments
showConnections
Display Connections
Startup
Initialization at Start of an R Session
stop
Stop Function Execution
stopifnot
Ensure the Truth of R Expressions
Syntax
Operator Syntax and Precedence
strrep
Repeat the Elements of a Character Vector
Sys.time
Get Current Date and Time
Sys.getenv
Get Environment Variables
taskCallbackManager
Create an R-level Task Callback Manager
Sys.which
Find Full Paths to Executables
quit
Terminate an R Session
QR.Auxiliaries
Reconstruct the Q, R, or X Matrices from a QR Object
RdUtils
Utilities for Processing Rd Files
readLines
Read Text Lines from a Connection
readBin
Transfer Binary Data To and From Connections
round.POSIXt
Round / Truncate Data-Time Objects
readRDS
Serialization Interface for Single Objects
row
Row Indexes
seek
Functions to Reposition Connections
search
Give Search Path for R Objects
regmatches
Extract or Replace Matched Substrings
serialize
Simple Serialization Interface
sets
Set Operations
sQuote
Quote Text
strtoi
Convert Strings to Integers
Sys.getpid
Get the Process ID of the R Session
strsplit
Split the Elements of a Character Vector
srcfile
References to source files
transform
Transform an Object, for Example a Data Frame
Sys.glob
Wildcard Expansion on File Paths
sort
Sorting or Ordering Vectors
solve
Solve a System of Equations
source
Read R Code from a File or a Connection
Special
Special Functions of Mathematics
substr
Substrings of a Character Vector
substitute
Substituting and Quoting Expressions
Sys.info
Extract System and User Information
Sys.readlink
Read File Symbolic Links
sys.parent
Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
Sys.localeconv
Find Details of the Numerical and Monetary Representations in the Current Locale
unname
Remove
names
or
dimnames
Trig
Trigonometric Functions
UseMethod
Class Methods
which.min
Where is the Min() or Max() or first TRUE or FALSE ?
with
Evaluate an Expression in a Data Environment
sum
Sum of Vector Elements
.Script
Scripting Language Interface
subset
Subsetting Vectors, Matrices and Data Frames
zpackages
Listing of Packages
Sys.sleep
Suspend Execution for a Time Interval
summary
Object Summaries
sys.source
Parse and Evaluate Expressions from a File
tempfile
Create Names for Temporary Files
textConnection
Text Connections
trimws
Remove Leading/Trailing Whitespace
typeof
The Type of an Object
try
Try an Expression Allowing Error Recovery
trace
Interactive Tracing and Debugging of Calls to a Function or Method
toString
Convert an R Object to a Character String
taskCallbackNames
Query the Names of the Current Internal Top-Level Task Callbacks
unlist
Flatten Lists
unlink
Delete Files and Directories
Vectorize
Vectorize a Scalar Function
R.Version
Version Information
ns-dblcolon
Double Colon and Triple Colon Operators
pos.to.env
Convert Positions in the Search Path to Environments
Paren
Parentheses and Braces
parse
Parse Expressions
prop.table
Express Table Entries as Fraction of Marginal Table
pretty
Pretty Breakpoints
prod
Product of Vector Elements
Random
Random Number Generation
range
Range of Values
table
Cross Tabulation and Table Creation
tabulate
Tabulation for Vectors
warning
Warning Messages
tilde
Tilde Operator
timezones
Time Zones
writeLines
Write Lines to a Connection
warnings
Print Warning Messages
xtfrm
Auxiliary Function for Sorting and Ranking
Reserved
Reserved Words in R
rev
Reverse Elements
Rhome
Return the R Home Directory
seq
Sequence Generation
shQuote
Quote Strings for Use in OS Shells
seq.Date
Generate Regular Sequences of Dates
rle
Run Length Encoding
split
Divide into Groups and Reassemble
sign
Sign Function
sprintf
Use C-style String Formatting Commands
raw
Raw Vectors
rawConnection
Raw Connections
readRenviron
Set Environment Variables from a File
Round
Rounding of Numbers
remove
Remove Objects from a Specified Environment
Recall
Recursive Calling
sequence
Create A Vector of Sequences
seq.POSIXt
Generate Regular Sequences of Times
sink
Send R Output to a File
slice.index
Slice Indexes in an Array
Sys.setenv
Set or Unset Environment Variables
Sys.setFileTime
Set File Time
system2
Invoke a System Command
validUTF8
Check if a Character Vector is Validly Encoded
vector
Vectors
t
Matrix Transpose
which
Which indices are TRUE?
weekdays
Extract Parts of a POSIXt or Date Object
.Machine
Numerical Characteristics of the Machine
zapsmall
Rounding of Numbers
strtrim
Trim Character Strings to Specified Display Widths
structure
Attribute Specification
sweep
Sweep out Array Summaries
system.time
CPU Time Used
system.file
Find Names of R System Files
switch
Select One of a List of Alternatives
taskCallback
Add or Remove a Top-Level Task Callback
tapply
Apply a Function Over a Ragged Array
traceback
Get and Print Call Stacks
userhooks
Functions to Get and Set Hooks for Load, Attach, Detach and Unload
tracemem
Trace Copying of Objects
utf8Conversion
Convert Integer Vectors to or from UTF-8-encoded Character Vectors
withVisible
Return both a value and its visibility
unique
Extract Unique Elements
write
Write Data to a File
zutils
Miscellaneous Internal/Programming Utilities
is.unsorted
Test if an Object is Not Sorted
options
Options Settings
regex
Regular Expressions as used in R
strptime
Date-time Conversion Functions to and from Character
svd
Singular Value Decomposition of a Matrix
dimnames
Dimnames of an Object
getLoadedDLLs
Get DLLs Loaded in Current Session
NA
‘Not Available’ / Missing Values
rawConversion
Convert to or from Raw Vectors
shell.exec
Open a File or URL using Windows File Associations
shell
Invoke a System Command, using a Shell
Signals
Interrupting Execution of R