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base (version 3.6.2)
The R Base Package
Description
Base R functions.
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Version
3.6.2
License
Part of R 3.6.2
Maintainer
R-core R-core@R-project.org
Last Published
January 1st, 1970
Functions in base (3.6.2)
Search functions
Bessel
Bessel Functions
Constants
Built-in Constants
Colon
Colon Operator
Comparison
Relational Operators
AsIs
Inhibit Interpretation/Conversion of Objects
Cstack_info
Report Information on C Stack Size and Usage
CallExternal
Modern Interfaces to C/C++ code
Arithmetic
Arithmetic Operators
Control
Control Flow
DateTimeClasses
Date-Time Classes
EnvVar
Environment Variables
Deprecated
Marking Objects as Deprecated
Extract.data.frame
Extract or Replace Parts of a Data Frame
Extremes
Maxima and Minima
Foreign
Foreign Function Interface
Hyperbolic
Hyperbolic Functions
Foreign-internal
Internal Versions of the Foreign Function Interface
Dates
Date Class
Encoding
Read or Set the Declared Encodings for a Character Vector
Defunct
Marking Objects as Defunct
Extract
Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
Extract.factor
Extract or Replace Parts of a Factor
Internal
Call an Internal Function
NumericConstants
Numeric Constants
Ops.Date
Operators on the Date Class
ISOdatetime
Date-time Conversion Functions from Numeric Representations
Memory-limits
Memory Limits in R
La_version
LAPACK Version
Memory
Memory Available for Data Storage
Last.value
Value of Last Evaluated Expression
NULL
The Null Object
NA
‘Not Available’ / Missing Values
Random.user
User-supplied Random Number Generation
Startup
Initialization at Start of an R Session
Syntax
Operator Syntax and Precedence
agrep
Approximate String Matching (Fuzzy Matching)
Random
Random Number Generation
Rhome
Return the R Home Directory
Reserved
Reserved Words in R
log
Logarithms and Exponentials
Logic
Logical Operators
RdUtils
Utilities for Processing Rd Files
LongVectors
Long Vectors
MathFun
Miscellaneous Mathematical Functions
Recall
Recursive Calling
Sys.getenv
Get Environment Variables
any
Are Some Values True?
Sys.getpid
Get the Process ID of the R Session
Sys.time
Get Current Date and Time
Sys.sleep
Suspend Execution for a Time Interval
InternalMethods
Internal Generic Functions
all
Are All Values True?
append
Vector Merging
La_library
LAPACK Library
Primitive
Look Up a Primitive Function
as.function
Convert Object to Function
call
Function Calls
asplit
Split Array/Matrix By Its Margins
basename
Manipulate File Paths
base-package
The R Base Package
apply
Apply Functions Over Array Margins
Paren
Parentheses and Braces
.Platform
Platform Specific Variables
Quotes
Quotes
Round
Rounding of Numbers
Special
Special Functions of Mathematics
class
Object Classes
cut
Convert Numeric to Factor
colSums
Form Row and Column Sums and Means
callCC
Call With Current Continuation
data.class
Object Classes
col
Column Indexes
aperm
Array Transposition
row+colnames
Row and Column Names
delayedAssign
Delay Evaluation
attach
Attach Set of R Objects to Search Path
dimnames
Dimnames of an Object
exists
Is an Object Defined?
expression
Unevaluated Expressions
expand.grid
Create a Data Frame from All Combinations of Factor Variables
do.call
Execute a Function Call
Sys.localeconv
Find Details of the Numerical and Monetary Representations in the Current Locale
deparse
Expression Deparsing
attr
Object Attributes
backsolve
Solve an Upper or Lower Triangular System
Sys.glob
Wildcard Expansion on File Paths
R.Version
Version Information
Sys.info
Extract System and User Information
Sys.setFileTime
Set File Time
browserText
Functions to Retrieve Values Supplied by Calls to the Browser
chartr
Character Translation and Casefolding
base-defunct
Defunct Functions in Package
base
builtins
Returns the Names of All Built-in Objects
chkDots
Warn About Extraneous Arguments in the "..." of Its Caller
abbreviate
Abbreviate Strings
all.equal
Test if Two Objects are (Nearly) Equal
all.names
Find All Names in an Expression
Sys.readlink
Read File Symbolic Links
Sys.setenv
Set or Unset Environment Variables
UseMethod
Class Methods
Trig
Trigonometric Functions
Sys.which
Find Full Paths to Executables
as.Date
Date Conversion Functions to and from Character
extSoftVersion
Report Versions of Third-Party Software
conflicts
Search for Masked Objects on the Search Path
force
Force Evaluation of an Argument
assign
Assign a Value to a Name
as.data.frame
Coerce to a Data Frame
forceAndCall
Call a function with Some Arguments Forced
as.POSIX*
Date-time Conversion Functions
dataframeHelpers
Data Frame Auxiliary Functions
connections
Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
assignOps
Assignment Operators
dcf
Read and Write Data in DCF Format
date
System Date and Time
debug
Debug a Function
difftime
Time Intervals / Differences
args
Argument List of a Function
attributes
Object Attribute Lists
Vectorize
Vectorize a Scalar Function
array
Multi-way Arrays
autoload
On-demand Loading of Packages
.bincode
Bin a Numeric Vector
bindenv
Binding and Environment Locking, Active Bindings
as.environment
Coerce to an Environment Object
bquote
Partial substitution in expressions
bitwise
Bitwise Logical Operations
base-internal
Internal Objects in Package
base
base-deprecated
Deprecated Functions in Package
base
cat
Concatenate and Print
cbind
Combine R Objects by Rows or Columns
capabilities
Report Capabilities of this Build of R
by
Apply a Function to a Data Frame Split by Factors
c
Combine Values into a Vector or List
body
Access to and Manipulation of the Body of a Function
char.expand
Expand a String with Respect to a Target Table
contributors
R Project Contributors
function
Function Definition
character
Character Vectors
charmatch
Partial String Matching
complex
Complex Numbers and Basic Functionality
data.frame
Data Frames
chol
The Choleski Decomposition
chol2inv
Inverse from Choleski (or QR) Decomposition
data.matrix
Convert a Data Frame to a Numeric Matrix
browser
Environment Browser
conditions
Condition Handling and Recovery
funprog
Common Higher-Order Functions in Functional Programming Languages
commandArgs
Extract Command Line Arguments
curlGetHeaders
Retrieve Headers from URLs
comment
Query or Set a
"comment"
Attribute
cut.POSIXt
Convert a Date or Date-Time Object to a Factor
diff
Lagged Differences
deparseOpts
Options for Expression Deparsing
dontCheck
Identity Function to Suppress Checking
diag
Matrix Diagonals
dots
…,
..1
, etc used in Functions
eigen
Spectral Decomposition of a Matrix
encodeString
Encode Character Vector as for Printing
files
File Manipulation
det
Calculate the Determinant of a Matrix
find.package
Find Packages
gettext
Translate Text Messages
gctorture
Torture Garbage Collector
files2
Manipulation of Directories and File Permissions
get
Return the Value of a Named Object
findInterval
Find Interval Numbers or Indices
dim
Dimensions of an Object
getwd
Get or Set Working Directory
is.finite
Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
eval
Evaluate an (Unevaluated) Expression
file.access
Ascertain File Accessibility
environment
Environment Access
factor
Factors
gzcon
(De)compress I/O Through Connections
identity
Identity Function
grouping
Grouping Permutation
double
Double-Precision Vectors
dput
Write an Object to a File or Recreate it
crossprod
Matrix Crossproduct
copyright
Copyrights of Files Used to Build R
cumsum
Cumulative Sums, Products, and Extremes
formals
Access to and Manipulation of the Formal Arguments
ifelse
Conditional Element Selection
drop
Drop Redundant Extent Information
detach
Detach Objects from the Search Path
dump
Text Representations of R Objects
.Device
Lists of Open/Active Graphics Devices
droplevels
Drop Unused Levels from Factors
is.function
Is an Object of Type (Primitive) Function?
dyn.load
Foreign Function Interface
format
Encode in a Common Format
getDLLRegisteredRoutines
Reflectance Information for C/Fortran routines in a DLL
getCallingDLL
Compute DLL for Native Interface Call
jitter
‘Jitter’ (Add Noise) to Numbers
eapply
Apply a Function Over Values in an Environment
kappa
Compute or Estimate the Condition Number of a Matrix
file.info
Extract File Information
file.choose
Choose a File Interactively
is.recursive
Is an Object Atomic or Recursive?
lazyLoad
Lazy Load a Database of R Objects
duplicated
Determine Duplicate Elements
is.single
Is an Object of Single Precision Type?
gl
Generate Factor Levels
grep
Pattern Matching and Replacement
labels
Find Labels from Object
lapply
Apply a Function over a List or Vector
file.path
Construct Path to File
length
Length of an Object
interactive
Is R Running Interactively?
list.files
List the Files in a Directory/Folder
list2env
From A List, Build or Add To an Environment
file.show
Display One or More Text Files
match.arg
Argument Verification Using Partial Matching
match
Value Matching
format.info
format(.) Information
format.pval
Format P Values
license
The R License Terms
invisible
Change the Print Mode to Invisible
formatDL
Format Description Lists
gc
Garbage Collection
formatC
Formatting Using C-style Formats
gc.time
Report Time Spent in Garbage Collection
list
Lists -- Generic and Dotted Pairs
memCompress
In-memory Compression and Decompression
getLoadedDLLs
Get DLLs Loaded in Current Session
is.unsorted
Test if an Object is Not Sorted
libPaths
Search Paths for Packages
is.R
Are we using R, rather than S?
libcurlVersion
Report Version of libcurl
getNativeSymbolInfo
Obtain a Description of one or more Native (C/Fortran) Symbols
iconv
Convert Character Vector between Encodings
hexmode
Display Numbers in Hexadecimal
memlimits
Query and Set Heap Size Limits
ls
List Objects
make.names
Make Syntactically Valid Names
missing
Does a Formal Argument have a Value?
message
Diagnostic Messages
noquote
Class for ‘no quote’ Printing of Character Strings
grepRaw
Pattern Matching for Raw Vectors
norm
Compute the Norm of a Matrix
nchar
Count the Number of Characters (or Bytes or Width)
identical
Test Objects for Exact Equality
icuSetCollate
Setup Collation by ICU
isS4
Test for an S4 object
levels
Levels Attributes
lengths
Lengths of List or Vector Elements
logical
Logical Vectors
lower.tri
Lower and Upper Triangular Part of a Matrix
isSymmetric
Test if a Matrix or other Object is Symmetric (Hermitian)
nlevels
The Number of Levels of a Factor
groupGeneric
S3 Group Generic Functions
integer
Integer Vectors
library
Loading/Attaching and Listing of Packages
margin.table
Compute table margin
maxCol
Find Maximum Position in Matrix
mat.or.vec
Create a Matrix or a Vector
library.dynam
Loading DLLs from Packages
match.call
Argument Matching
match.fun
Extract a Function Specified by Name
mean
Arithmetic Mean
names
The Names of an Object
interaction
Compute Factor Interactions
ns-dblcolon
Double Colon and Triple Colon Operators
nrow
The Number of Rows/Columns of an Array
nargs
The Number of Arguments to a Function
is.language
Is an Object a Language Object?
ns-load
Loading and Unloading Name Spaces
is.object
Is an Object ‘internally classed’?
memory.profile
Profile the Usage of Cons Cells
merge
Merge Two Data Frames
l10n_info
Localization Information
load
Reload Saved Datasets
kronecker
Kronecker Products on Arrays
mode
The (Storage) Mode of an Object
locales
Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
name
Names and Symbols
make.unique
Make Character Strings Unique
ns-reflect.Rd
Namespace Reflection Support
mapply
Apply a Function to Multiple List or Vector Arguments
ns-hooks
Hooks for Namespace Events
ns-internals
Namespace Internals
matmult
Matrix Multiplication
matrix
Matrices
NotYet
Not Yet Implemented Functions and Unused Arguments
normalizePath
Express File Paths in Canonical Form
numeric
Numeric Vectors
ns-topenv
Top Level Environment
order
Ordering Permutation
outer
Outer Product of Arrays
numeric_version
Numeric Versions
parse
Parse R Expressions
paste
Concatenate Strings
print
Print Values
octmode
Display Numbers in Octal
print.data.frame
Printing Data Frames
prod
Product of Vector Elements
proc.time
Running Time of R
pmatch
Partial String Matching
polyroot
Find Zeros of a Real or Complex Polynomial
on.exit
Function Exit Code
options
Options Settings
qr
The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
pos.to.env
Convert Positions in the Search Path to Environments
raw
Raw Vectors
pretty
Pretty Breakpoints
rawConnection
Raw Connections
readline
Read a Line from the Terminal
QR.Auxiliaries
Reconstruct the Q, R, or X Matrices from a QR Object
prop.table
Express Table Entries as Fraction of Marginal Table
pcre_config
Report Configuration Options for PCRE
path.expand
Expand File Paths
quit
Terminate an R Session
range
Range of Values
readRDS
Serialization Interface for Single Objects
readRenviron
Set Environment Variables from a File
rle
Run Length Encoding
rev
Reverse Elements
print.default
Default Printing
prmatrix
Print Matrices, Old-style
pushBack
Push Text Back on to a Connection
showConnections
Display Connections
sign
Sign Function
seek
Functions to Reposition Connections
search
Give Search Path for R Objects
reg.finalizer
Finalization of Objects
rank
Sample Ranks
readChar
Transfer Character Strings To and From Connections
readLines
Read Text Lines from a Connection
rapply
Recursively Apply a Function to a List
rep
Replicate Elements of Vectors and Lists
replace
Replace Values in a Vector
row
Row Indexes
remove
Remove Objects from a Specified Environment
row.names
Get and Set Row Names for Data Frames
svd
Singular Value Decomposition of a Matrix
round.POSIXt
Round / Truncate Data-Time Objects
rawConversion
Convert to or from Raw Vectors
readBin
Transfer Binary Data To and From Connections
seq.Date
Generate Regular Sequences of Dates
seq.POSIXt
Generate Regular Sequences of Times
sprintf
Use C-style String Formatting Commands
sink
Send R Output to a File
sample
Random Samples and Permutations
solve
Solve a System of Equations
scan
Read Data Values
sort
Sorting or Ordering Vectors
strrep
Repeat the Elements of a Character Vector
scale
Scaling and Centering of Matrix-like Objects
strptime
Date-time Conversion Functions to and from Character
regex
Regular Expressions as used in R
strwrap
Wrap Character Strings to Format Paragraphs
sweep
Sweep out Array Summaries
slice.index
Slice Indexes in an Array
regmatches
Extract or Replace Matched Substrings
serialize
Simple Serialization Interface
sets
Set Operations
save
Save R Objects
setTimeLimit
Set CPU and/or Elapsed Time Limits
rowsum
Give Column Sums of a Matrix or Data Frame, Based on a Grouping Variable
sQuote
Quote Text
tempfile
Create Names for Temporary Files
subset
Subsetting Vectors, Matrices and Data Frames
shQuote
Quote Strings for Use in OS Shells
sys.source
Parse and Evaluate Expressions from a File
startsWith
Does String Start or End With Another String?
standardGeneric
Formal Method System -- Dispatching S4 Methods
sum
Sum of Vector Elements
source
Read R Code from a File, a Connection or Expressions
transform
Transform an Object, for Example a Data Frame
split
Divide into Groups and Reassemble
utf8Conversion
Convert Integer Vectors to or from UTF-8-encoded Character Vectors
textConnection
Text Connections
seq
Sequence Generation
slotOp
Extract or Replace A Slot
socketSelect
Wait on Socket Connections
sequence
Create A Vector of Sequences
stop
Stop Function Execution
substitute
Substituting and Quoting Expressions
srcfile
References to Source Files and Code
strsplit
Split the Elements of a Character Vector
.Machine
Numerical Characteristics of the Machine
summary
Object Summaries
substr
Substrings of a Character Vector
trimws
Remove Leading/Trailing Whitespace
sys.parent
Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
strtoi
Convert Strings to Integers
taskCallback
Add or Remove a Top-Level Task Callback
tapply
Apply a Function Over a Ragged Array
switch
Select One of a List of Alternatives
taskCallbackNames
Query the Names of the Current Internal Top-Level Task Callbacks
strtrim
Trim Character Strings to Specified Display Widths
system
Invoke a System Command
stopifnot
Ensure the Truth of R Expressions
userhooks
Functions to Get and Set Hooks for Load, Attach, Detach and Unload
t
Matrix Transpose
structure
Attribute Specification
timezones
Time Zones
system2
Invoke a System Command
try
Try an Expression Allowing Error Recovery
write
Write Data to a File
withVisible
Return both a Value and its Visibility
taskCallbackManager
Create an R-level Task Callback Manager
.Script
Scripting Language Interface
system.file
Find Names of R System Files
system.time
CPU Time Used
unlist
Flatten Lists
trace
Interactive Tracing and Debugging of Calls to a Function or Method
toString
Convert an R Object to a Character String
tilde
Tilde Operator
weekdays
Extract Parts of a POSIXt or Date Object
unlink
Delete Files and Directories
unique
Extract Unique Elements
zapsmall
Rounding of Numbers: Zapping Small Ones to Zero
which
Which indices are TRUE?
zpackages
Listing of Packages
typeof
The Type of an Object
zutils
Miscellaneous Internal/Programming Utilities
tabulate
Tabulation for Vectors
validUTF8
Check if a Character Vector is Validly Encoded
vector
Vectors
table
Cross Tabulation and Table Creation
which.min
Where is the Min() or Max() or first TRUE or FALSE ?
with
Evaluate an Expression in a Data Environment
tracemem
Trace Copying of Objects
traceback
Get and Print Call Stacks
unname
Remove
names
or
dimnames
writeLines
Write Lines to a Connection
warning
Warning Messages
warnings
Print Warning Messages
xtfrm
Auxiliary Function for Sorting and Ranking